Concentric electrodes for producing acupuncture-like anesthetic effects.

Oda, Hirohisa; Fujitani, Y

doi:10.1620/tjem.160.169

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Approaches using multiple electrodes and varying electrode geometries have been well characterized for peripheral nerve stimulation [94]. Concentric-ring electrode configurations (consisting of a centre electrode surrounded by a ring electrode) and ring electrodes have been previously used for peripheral nerve/muscle fibre stimulation [65], producing anaesthetic effects [95] and seizure control [43]. Analytical solutions for concentric-ring stimulation of homogenous tissue have been proposed [42].…”

Section: Optimization Of Electrode Configuration/geometry: Efficacy Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial current stimulation focality using disc and ring electrode configurations: FEM analysis

et al. 2008

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We calculated the electric fields induced in the brain during transcranial current stimulation (TCS) using a finite-element concentric spheres human head model. A range of disc electrode configurations were simulated: (1) distant-bipolar; (2) adjacent-bipolar; (3) tripolar; and three ring designs, (4) belt, (5) concentric ring, and (6) double concentric ring. We compared the focality of each configuration targeting cortical structures oriented normal to the surface ('surface-radial' and 'cross-section radial'), cortical structures oriented along the brain surface ('surface-tangential' and 'cross-section tangential') and non-oriented cortical surface structures ('surface-magnitude' and 'cross-section magnitude'). For surface-radial fields, we further considered the 'polarity' of modulation (e.g. superficial cortical neuron soma hyper/depolarizing). The distant-bipolar configuration, which is comparable with commonly used TCS protocols, resulted in diffuse (un-focal) modulation with bi-directional radial modulation under each electrode and tangential modulation between electrodes. Increasing the proximity of the two electrodes (adjacent-bipolar electrode configuration) increased focality, at the cost of more surface current. At similar electrode distances, the tripolar-electrodes configuration produced comparable peak focality, but reduced radial bi-directionality. The concentric-ring configuration resulted in the highest spatial focality and uni-directional radial modulation, at the expense of increased total surface current. Changing ring dimensions, or use of two concentric rings, allow titration of this balance. The concentric-ring design may thus provide an optimized configuration for targeted modulation of superficial cortical neurons.

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