Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in an industrial area of Korea

Na, Kwangsam; Kim, Yong Pyo; Moon, Kyung Chul; Moon, Il; Fung, Kochy

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00313-7

Cited by 131 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Fortunately, the concentration of benzene in industrial areas over recent years has been low compared to that of other major hydrocarbons (Hsieh et al 2003;Na et al 2001), and concentrations of benzene in this collection were also low (Table 3). Besides, Figure 6 reveals that emissions of benzene from non-traffic sources were relatively small, suggesting benzene's major source to be traffic emissions.…”

Section: Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The study of apportionment of NMHCs to various sources and its implicated control strategies have been conducted using chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor models (Vega et al 2000;Abu-Allaban et al 2002), provided that their major sources have been clearly characterized. However, in an industrial type metropolitan area, major sources of NMHCs may be the result of both vehicular emissions and various industrial sources whose constituents are usually complex and variable (Na et al 2001;Chang et al 2003). Owing to components and component proportions of these sources are variable constantly, emission profiles of these sources are difficult to determine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these circumstances, the CMB receptor model is not an effective tool for source apportionment of NMHCs. For species commonly found in industrial cities, such as toluene, ethene, ethylbenzene, xylene, nbutane, propane, etc., their relative abundances were significantly different from the traffic signature, suggesting the existence of non-vehicular emissions (Na et al 2001;Chang et al 2003). In principle, the contribution of the non-vehicular sources can be determined, if a compound exclusive to vehicular emissions exists which can serve as an indicator of vehicular emissions and basis for calculating the relative abundance with other species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessment of Traffic Contribution to Hydrocarbons Using 2,2-Dimethylbutane as a Vehicular Indicator

Chang¹,

Chen²,

Chou³

et al. 2004

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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This study investigated the feasibility of using 2,2-dimethylbutane (22DMC4) as an unambiguous indicator for traffic emissions, and applied it to assess traffic contribution to individual hydrocarbons in an atmospheric environment. The concept involves using concentration ratios of individual non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) to 22DMC4, which are characteristic of traffic emissions to reveal excess concentration contributed by nontraffic sources.Air samples from three collections were analyzed for 22DMC4 and other NMHCs simultaneously to examine ratios of NMHCs/22DMC4. Two sample collections were made at different traffic transportation links in Kaohsiung City, and high concentration correlation was observed between 22DMC4 and most NMHCs for samples collected during heavy traffic hours. The third collection was made in the great Kaohsiung metropolitan area for comparison of NMHCs/22DMC4 ratios in different environments. Ratios of toluene/22DMC4 and ethene/22DMC4 obtained from the third collection were significantly greater than those from the two roadside collections in Kaohsiung City, suggesting other sources existed in addition to traffic.Comparing the NMHCs/22DMC4 ratios observed in a given area with the values obtained from pure traffic emissions as a reference can provide a quick diagnosis for non-traffic contributions. Another merit of using NMHCs/22DMC4 ratios of atmospheric components is to provide a basis of normalization, so that direct comparison of emission profiles collected in different times and places is possible.

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Section: Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of Traffic Contribution to Hydrocarbons Using 2,2-Dimethylbutane as a Vehicular Indicator

Chang¹,

Chen²,

Chou³

et al. 2004

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…The CAPs on its environment indicated the potential for petroleum refinery to create an elevation in ambient concentrations -both indoor and outdoor in Nigeria, though composition could be impacted by local emissions (Zielinska and Fujita, 2003). Na et al (2001) established a strong link between downtown hydrocarbon levels and nearby petrochemical complex while Kajihara et al (2003) also noticed a decrease in ambient benzene level with a reduction in benzene concentration discharged into the atmosphere. Possible impacts of anticipated emissions of criteria air pollutants on human (Guo et al, 2004), vegetation (Rao et al, 2001) soil and water (Kim et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2003) are strong enough for necessary control measures to be implemented in both operating and proposed Nigerian petroleum refineries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impact Analysis of the Emission from Petroleum Refineries in Nigeria

Oladimeji¹,

Sonibare²,

Odunfa³

et al. 2015

EER

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Health and environmental hazards, a thing of global concern have been the major characteristics of the petroleum refinery areas worldwide, Nigeria inclusive. This is as a result of the emissions from petroleum refineries which resulted into air quality degradation of the host environment. This problem which has equally affected the climatic conditions of the petroleum producing areas is more pronounced in Nigeria due to lack of implementing adequate policies to protect the host environment. This study is carried out to investigate the atmospheric conditions of the petroleum refineries and identify the environmental impact of emissions of criteria pollutants from the proposed project in the area of influence. Emission inventory of criteria pollutants was carried out on the four existing and twenty-three proposed petroleum refineries in Nigeria. Using no control-measure option, the estimated annual criteria air pollutants emissions from point sources in the existing refineries are 1,217 tons/annum for PM 10, 45,124 tons/annum for SO 2 , 167,570 tons/annum for NO x, 3,842 tons/annum for VOC and 242,469 tons/annum for CO. An additional 1,082 tons/annum of PM 10, 168,944 tons/annum of SO 2 , 688,687 tons/annum of NO x, 9,122 tons/annum of VOC and 569,975 tons/annum of CO were predicted to be added into the Nigeria airshed by the proposed petroleum refineries. The highest pollutant emitting state was predicted to be Rivers State with the highest number of refineries while the least pollutant emitting states were predicted to be Kaduna, Edo, Lagos and Anambra States with only one refinery in each of the state. The ability to adopt appropriate control measures will determine the rate of emission of criteria pollutants released into the country's airshed.

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“…Cetin et al 7 reported that the VOC concentration from a petrochemical complex is 4 -20-fold higher than those at a suburban site in Izmir, Turkey. Na et al 8 revealed that VOC concentrations from industrial areas of Korea, including a petrochemical complex, were about three times more than those at downtown sites. Ö stermark 9 characterized IMPLICATIONS In a survey of VOCs from petrochemical plants or urban areas, difficulty is often encountered in handling a large number of data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Location and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions at a Petrochemical Plant in Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Chen

Fang

Shu

2005

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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This paper elucidated a novel approach to locating volatile organic compound (VOC) emission sources and characterizing their VOCs by database and contour plotting. The target of this survey was a petrochemical plant in Linyan, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan. Samples were taken with canisters from 25 sites inside this plant, twice per season, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The survey covered 1 whole year. By consolidated into a database, the data could be readily retrieved, statistically analyzed, and clearly presented in both table and graph forms. It followed from the cross-analysis of the database that the abundant types of VOCs were alkanes, alkenes/dienes, and aromatics, all of which accounted for 99% of total VOCs. By contour plotting, the emission sources for alkanes, aromatics, and alkenes/ dienes were successfully located. Through statistical analysis, the database could provide the range and 90% confidence interval of each species from each emission source. Both alkanes and alkene/dienes came from tank farm and naphtha cracking units and were mainly composed of C 3 -C 5 members. Regarding aromatics, benzene, toluene, and xylenes were the primary species; they were emitted from tank farm, aromatic units, and xylene units.

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Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in an industrial area of Korea

Cited by 131 publications

References 20 publications

Assessment of Traffic Contribution to Hydrocarbons Using 2,2-Dimethylbutane as a Vehicular Indicator

Assessment of Traffic Contribution to Hydrocarbons Using 2,2-Dimethylbutane as a Vehicular Indicator

Environmental Impact Analysis of the Emission from Petroleum Refineries in Nigeria

Source Location and Characterization of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions at a Petrochemical Plant in Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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