Concentrations of uric acid in the serum of neonatal infants and their mothers

Monkus, E.; Nyhan, William L.; Fogel, Bernard J.; Yankow, Sanford

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(70)90211-5

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The uric acid derived from a fetus is excreted in the maternal urine and stool [3]. In fetal blood, uric acid lev els are consistently higher than those in maternal blood [12,13], It thus crosses the placenta to enter maternal cir culation. The amount of uric acid produced by 2 fetuses may exceed that produced by a single fetus, and this uric acid enters the maternal circulation to be excreted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of the Serum Uric Acid Level Preceding the Clinical Manifestation of Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancies

Koike¹,

Minakami²,

Takayama³

et al. 1997

Gynecol Obstet Invest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To assess changes in the serum uric acid level in the third trimester of twin pregnancies, a total of 152 consecutive women with twin pregnancies were examined. Serum uric acid levels were analyzed in the women at varying gestational weeks in the presence or absence of preeclampsia. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of serum uric acid between 30 and 31 weeks of gestation predicting subsequent development of preeclampsia. Forty-four women (29%) developed preeclampsia (preeclampsia group) at 33.2 ± 1.9 weeks (mean ± SD) and gave birth at 35.4 ± 1.5 weeks of gestation. The remaining 108 women (71 %) gave birth at 35.6 ± 1.7 weeks of gestation (control group without preeclampsia). Serum uric acid levels rose gradually with advancing gestation in both groups. In the preeclampsia group, they were already increased at 30–31 weeks of gestation and corresponded to those seen in the control group at 37 weeks. The cutoff value at 30–31 weeks was 5.5 mg/dl, with a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 74%. These results suggest that an elevation in serum urate preceded the onset of preeclampsia. Determination of the serum level of uric acid between 30 and 31 weeks of gestation was useful for detecting a higher risk of late-onset preeclampsia in twin pregnancies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of the Serum Uric Acid Level Preceding the Clinical Manifestation of Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancies

Koike¹,

Minakami²,

Takayama³

et al. 1997

Gynecol Obstet Invest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although umbilical cord uric acid levels [7][8][9] and hypoxanthine levels 10 have been reported in normal term newborns, there are currently no published baseline levels of all three breakdown products of ATP as well as MDA in the cord blood of normal term infants immediately after birth. In addition, the specific effects of oxytocin-augmentation on purine and MDA levels have not been measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mode of birth on purine and malondialdehyde in umbilical arterial plasma in normal term newborns

Calderon

Rawson

et al. 2008

J Perinatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To examine the effect of mode of birth on plasma purine and malondialdehyde levels in normal term infants.Study Design: Umbilical arterial cord blood was obtained immediately after birth from a convenience sample of 119 normal term newborns born by vaginal delivery, with or without oxytocin augmentation or by elective cesarean delivery. Plasma was analyzed for purine and/or malondialdehyde levels. Numeric data were analyzed utilizing independent samples t-test and ordinal data were analyzed using MannWhitney test. Correlation coefficients were obtained using Spearman's r.Result: Uric acid levels were significantly elevated (P<0.001) in neonates undergoing vaginal birth, compared to neonates born by elective cesarean delivery. When the effect of oxytocin and length of labor was analyzed, neonates born to mothers on oxytocin had lower hypoxanthine, significantly lower xanthine (P ¼ 0.05) and higher uric acid levels. In addition, malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher (P<0.006) in neonates born to mothers who received oxytocin compared to neonates born to mothers without oxytocin augmentation. We also found significant correlations between malondialdehyde (MDA) and hypoxanthine (r ¼ À0.465, P<0.039) and between MDA and xanthine (r ¼ À0.753, P ¼ 0.003) in neonates born via oxytocin-augmented birth. Mode of birth had no statistically significant effect on clinical outcomes, although infants born by elective cesarean had higher incidence of acute respiratory distress and transient tachypnea of the newborn compared to those born vaginally. Conclusion:Neonates born by elective cesarean had the lowest purine levels in cord blood compared to neonates born vaginally. Oxytocin augmentation is associated with some degree of uterine hyperstimulation which may enhance the ATP degradation pathway resulting in the rapid conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Significantly higher MDA levels in neonates whose mothers received oxytocin as well as significant correlation between MDA and the purines hypoxanthine and xanthine, suggest free-radical production, most likely due to xanthine oxidase activation. However, despite differences in plasma purine and malondialdehyde levels, no significant differences were seen in neonatal outcome. Further studies are required to fully characterize the effect of mode of birth on purine metabolism and free-radical production.

show abstract

“…The majority of patients with eclampsia ex hibit hyperuricaemia, but the incidence of hyperuricaemia is much lower in those with pre-eclampsia [24] in whom it may not always reflect the severity of the disease as assessed clinically [122], Since the reduction in urate excretion in pre-eclampsia is usually out of proportion to any impairment in GFR [23] and urate production is not increased [110], the hyperuricaemia in this condition has been attributed principally to reduced renal tubular excretion of urate [23]. Factors implicated in this reduction in urate excretion include an increased lactate production [57], a heightened activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system [45,54,58] and an accentuated effect of norepinephrine, due to reduced monoamineoxidase production by the ischaemic placenta [28,104], The concomitant use of diuretics or an associated ketoacidosis may also be contributing factors [31], Infants born to mothers with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia have higher serum urate concentrations than their own mothers or normal infants [22,101] and the severity of the hyperuricaemia has been shown to correlate well with an adverse fetal prognosis [83,86], Following confinement, the hyperuri caemia in both mother and infant usually remits within three days [86,105] and this period should be allowed to elapse before evaluating serum urate concentrations in infants suspected of having disordered urate metabolism.…”

Section: Toxaemia O F Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Renal Urate Homeostasis in Systemic Disorders

Emmerson

Ravenscroft

1975

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abnormalities of renal handling of urate occur in a wide variety of physiological and pathological conditions and are mediated by factors including renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, urine flow rate, urinary constituents, metabolites, hormones and drugs. The determination of the aetiological factors in each abnormal situation is complex and the problem is discussed in relation to a variety of conditions including renal tubular disorders and metal intoxications, hypertension, toxaemia of pregnancy, glycogen storage disease, fructose administration, hereditary fructose intolerance, as well as obesity, regular alcohol consumption and hyperlipoproteinaemia. Apart from those diseases, usually genetically determined, which are associated with excessive production of urate, the most common causes of hyperuricaemia act at a renal level and result in a reduction in the net renal excretion of urate.

show abstract

Concentrations of uric acid in the serum of neonatal infants and their mothers

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Elevation of the Serum Uric Acid Level Preceding the Clinical Manifestation of Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancies

Elevation of the Serum Uric Acid Level Preceding the Clinical Manifestation of Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancies

Effect of mode of birth on purine and malondialdehyde in umbilical arterial plasma in normal term newborns

Abnormal Renal Urate Homeostasis in Systemic Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About