Concentrations of sulphadimidine, oxytetracycline and penicillin G in serum, synovial fluid and tissue cage fluid after parenteral administration to calves

Abstract

Drug concentrations in serum, synovial fluid and tissue cage fluid (TCF) in calves were measured after single i.m. doses of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC), procaine penicillin G (PPG) and potassium penicillin G (KPG) and single i.v. doses of sulphadimidine (SDM) and OTC. For all drugs, concentration-time curves in serum and synovial fluid were not identical but they had similar profiles, with peak levels occurring at about the same time. Concurrent concentrations were lower in synovial fluid than in serum. For each drug, elimination half-lives from synovial fluid and from serum were similar, except for penicillin G after KPG administration which had a significantly longer half-life from synovial fluid than from serum (P less than 0.05). Of the two penicillin G preparations, PPG gave a significantly higher synovial fluid:serum area under curve (AUC) ratio than did KPG; 0.76 +/- 0.10 and 0.54 +/- 0.12, respectively (P less than 0.05). For OTC, the synovial fluid:serum AUC-ratio was 0.33 +/- 0.12 after i.m. and 0.34 +/- 0.08 after i.v. administration. Drug concentration-time curves of TCF had different profiles compared with serum, with relatively low and delayed peak levels and slow elimination from TCF. TCF:serum AUC-ratios did not differ significantly for i.m. and i.v. administration of OTC; 0.10 +/- 0.10 and 0.19 +/- 0.03 respectively (P greater than 0.05). Potassium penicillin G (KPG), however, gave a significantly higher TCF:serum AUC-ratio than PPG; 0.55 +/- 0.21 and 0.19 +/- 0.07, respectively (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Single‐dose pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline and penicillin G in tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii)

“…The elimination T ½ reported here for penicillin G in tammar wallabies (0.29 ± 0.08 h) is shorter than reported for a range of eutherian species (Bengtsson et al, 1989;Oukessou et al, 1990a;Oukessou et al, 1990b). This is reflected by the more rapid Cl in tammar wallabies; volumes of distribution are comparable.…”

“…The elimination T ½ reported here for penicillin G in tammar wallabies (0.29 ± 0.08 h) is shorter than reported for a range of eutherian species (Bengtsson et al. , 1989; Oukessou et al.…”

Inflammatory response to intramuscular implantation of polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration probes in sheep

“…Studies of the pharmacokinetics of drugs in interstitial fluid give further insight into drug disposition [1,2,5,17]. Cooke et al [5] successfully used microdialysis membranes with low molecular weight cut off that excluded large proteins to investigate the disposition of penicillin G in subcutaneous interstitial fluid after intravenous administration.…”

Effects of Piroxicam on Pharmacokinetics of Sulphadimidine in West African Dwarf Male and Female Goats (Capra hircus)

“…The elimination half-life of the WAD goats administered sulphadimidine (t 1/2β =7.68 ± 0.72 hr) and sulphadimidine/piroxicam (t 1/2β =8.72 ± 0.84 hr) are lower than the elimination half-life of starved broiler chicken (t 1/2β =11.60 ± 0.72 hr), ducks (t 1/2β =9.0 ± 0.9 hr) sheep, 3.93 ± 0.61 hr, 4.50 ± 0.3 hr, 4.5 hr, 4.0 hr,3.28 hr (54,18,64,8,65), but higher than that of guinea fowl (t 1/2β =6.0 ± 0.9 hr), domestic chicken, t 1/2β =6.2 ± 0.8 hr, cow, 11.30 hr, 11.08 ± 2.68 hr, 14.5 hr, 10.53 hr administered intravenous sulphadimidine. However, Silvestri et al reported elimination half-life (8 hr) of sulphadimidine in cow [7,10,54,[64][65][66][67].…”