Concentrations of pesticide residues in tissues of fish from Kolleru Lake in India

Abstract

Kolleru Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is situated between latitudes 16 degrees 32' and 16 degrees 47'N and longitudes 81 degrees 05' and 81 degrees 27'E. The use of pesticides for agricultural purposes is widespread in the Kolleru Lake region. The biological indicators like fish help in the studies of aquatic pollution by pesticides. Fish species Channa striata and Catla catla and water samples were collected from Kolleru Lake in each of three seasons over a period of three years. Fish samples were analyzed according to a modified method which is proposed for the gas chromatographic determination for the pesticides viz., alpha-BHC, gamma-BHC, malathion, chloirpyrifos, isodrin, endosulfan, dieldrin, and p,p-DDT. Water samples were analyzed for selected physico-chemical parameters. The extraction efficiency for the selected pesticides is between 82.8% and 91.2%. The maximum concentrations of pesticide residues in Kolleru Lake fish on wet weight basis are 123.8 micrograms/g for alpha-BHC, 98.7 micrograms/g for gamma-BHC, 2.5 micrograms/g for malathion, 88.6 micrograms/g for chlorpyrifos, 0.91 microgram/g for isodrin, 76.5 micrograms/g for endosulfan, 1.98 micrograms/g for dieldrin, and 157.4 micrograms/g for p,p'-DDT. These analyses were used to evaluate the baseline data and the pesticide pollution in the lake's ecosystem.

Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Freshwater Fish Species in Punjab, India

“…As far as the total pesticide residue burden is considered in different species, common carp had maximum levels of OCPs as 0.021 mg/kg followed by rohu (0.019), grass carp (0.019), Table 1 Average residue levels (mg/kg) of OCPs in different edible freshwater fish species in Punjab In some earlier studies in India, Battu et al (1984) detected OCPs in fresh water fish in Ludhiana, residues of both DDT and HCH were present in all the samples and maximum levels of DDT were found to be 3.02 mg/kg, while Kannan et al (1992) reported mean levels of HCH and DDT as 0.002 and 0.015 mg/kg, respectively, in fish. Amaraneni and Pillala (2001) analysed fish samples in Andra Pardesh, India and the maximum concentration of a-, c-HCH and pp DDT were found to be 123.8, 98.70 and 157.4 mg/kg, respectively. Anupma et al (2001) detected residue levels of DDT in fish samples from Ganga River, India with range of 0.0726-1.666 mg/kg.…”

“…Amaraneni and Pillala (2001) reported a-HCH as the predominant isomer of HCH with maximum concentration of 123.8 lg/g followed by c-HCH (98.7 lg/g). Pandit et al (2001) also reported the a-HCH to be more dominant isomer of HCH in fish.…”

“…Among DDT metabolites pp DDT and pp DDE were at highest levels followed by op DDT and pp DDD. Kannan et al (1992) reported pp DDE as main contaminant metabolite of DDT followed by pp DDD and pp DDT; similarly Jiang et al (2005) detected pp DDE as predominant metabolite while Amaraneni and Pillala (2001) reported higher levels of pp DDT among DDT metabolites.…”

Water and Fish Quality of Aquaculture Pond Adjacent to Intensive Pesticides Application Agro-System

“…Determination of pesticides in fish: The dry homogenate of fish muscle was subjected for ultrasonic extraction method using sonicator water bath (Selecta, Spain), with pesticide residue grade solvents; acetone: n-hexane (1:1) mixture for extraction of the three pesticide groups (OCs, OPs and pyrethroids) [22][23][24]. Final concentrate of water or fish extract was subjected for estimation of the extractable organic matter (EOM) gravimetrically followed by clean-up procedure through florisil (60-100 U.S. mesh) column.…”

Biophysical aspects of lysozyme adduct with monocrotophos

“…OP pesticide monocrotophos (MP) is an insecticide widely used in agriculture throughout the world [3,[27][28][29][30]. The major route of exposure to monocrotophos is through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact.…”