Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in human embryonic and fetal organs from first, second, and third trimester pregnancies

Mamsen, Linn Salto; Björvang, Richelle D.; Mucs, Dániel; Vinnars, Marie Therese; Papadogiannakis, Nikos; Lindh, Christian; Andersen, Claus Yding; Damdimopoulou, Pauliina

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.010

Cited by 202 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We also integrated maternal PFAS blood concentrations with targeted serum metabolomic profiling in children and show that prenatal PFAS exposure is associated with alterations in key amino acids and lipid pathways characterizing liver injury risk. Given that the prevalence of NAFLD in children is rapidly increasing ( 1 ) and that PFAS can efficiently cross the placenta barrier and deposit to fetal tissues, ( 6 ) these results have potential implications for public health and prevention policy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances Associated With Increased Susceptibility to Liver Injury in Children

et al. 2020

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Background and Aims Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread and persistent pollutants that have been shown to have hepatotoxic effects in animal models. However, human evidence is scarce. We evaluated how prenatal exposure to PFAS associates with established serum biomarkers of liver injury and alterations in serum metabolome in children. Approach and Results We used data from 1,105 mothers and their children (median age, 8.2 years; interquartile range, 6.6‐9.1) from the European Human Early‐Life Exposome cohort (consisting of six existing population‐based birth cohorts in France, Greece, Lithuania, Norway, Spain, and the United Kingdom). We measured concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate, perfluorononanoate, perfluorohexane sulfonate, and perfluoroundecanoate in maternal blood. We assessed concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma‐glutamyltransferase in child serum. Using Bayesian kernel machine regression, we found that higher exposure to PFAS during pregnancy was associated with higher liver enzyme levels in children. We also measured child serum metabolomics through a targeted assay and found significant perturbations in amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism associated with prenatal PFAS. A latent variable analysis identified a profile of children at high risk of liver injury (odds ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.21‐1.92) that was characterized by high prenatal exposure to PFAS and increased serum levels of branched‐chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine), aromatic amino acids (tryptophan and phenylalanine), and glycerophospholipids (phosphatidylcholine [PC] aa C36:1 and Lyso‐PC a C18:1). Conclusions Developmental exposure to PFAS can contribute to pediatric liver injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances Associated With Increased Susceptibility to Liver Injury in Children

et al. 2020

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“…Once the EDCs reach the fetus, they become distributed in the different tissues [36]. Furthermore, it was reported that socio-economic factors such as maternal age can influence placental transfer [37].…”

Section: From Placenta To Newbornmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth

Street

Bernasconi

2020

IJMS

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Fetal growth is regulated by a complex interaction of maternal, placental, and fetal factors. The effects and outcomes that chemicals, widely distributed in the environment, may have on the health status of both the mother and the fetus are not yet well defined. Mainly mixtures of chemical substances are found in the mothers and placenta. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can be associated with fetal growth retardation, thyroid dysfunction, and neurological disorders. EDCs mostly interfere with insulin, glucocorticoid, estrogenic, and thyroid pathways, with subsequent effects on normal endocrine and metabolic functions, which cause changes in the epigenome and state of inflammation with life-long effects and consequences. International scientific societies recommend the implementation of research and of all possible preventive measures. This review briefly summarizes all these aspects.

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“…In vivo, PFAS bind to proteins in the blood such as albumin and have been detected in tissues including the liver, pancreas, kidney, lung and brain [25,26]. PFAS readily cross the placenta and are detected in cord blood and fetal tissues, as well as in breast milk [27,28].…”

Section: Existing Research On Pfas Exposure and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

Temkin

Hocevar

Andrews

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) constitute a large class of environmentally persistent chemicals used in industrial and consumer products. Human exposure to PFAS is extensive, and PFAS contamination has been reported in drinking water and food supplies as well as in the serum of nearly all people. The most well-studied member of the PFAS class, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), induces tumors in animal bioassays and has been associated with elevated risk of cancer in human populations. GenX, one of the PFOA replacement chemicals, induces tumors in animal bioassays as well. Using the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens framework for cancer hazard identification, we considered the existing epidemiological, toxicological and mechanistic data for 26 different PFAS. We found strong evidence that multiple PFAS induce oxidative stress, are immunosuppressive, and modulate receptor-mediated effects. We also found suggestive evidence indicating that some PFAS can induce epigenetic alterations and influence cell proliferation. Experimental data indicate that PFAS are not genotoxic and generally do not undergo metabolic activation. Data are currently insufficient to assess whether any PFAS promote chronic inflammation, cellular immortalization or alter DNA repair. While more research is needed to address data gaps, evidence exists that several PFAS exhibit one or more of the key characteristics of carcinogens.

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Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in human embryonic and fetal organs from first, second, and third trimester pregnancies

Cited by 202 publications

References 49 publications

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances Associated With Increased Susceptibility to Liver Injury in Children

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances Associated With Increased Susceptibility to Liver Injury in Children

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth

Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

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