Concentrations of NE and 5‐HT in the contused sheep spinal cord: status of the monoamine hypothesis

Kidman, Antony D.; Hinwood, Barry G.; Yeo, John D.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb01579.x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In previous studies of Osterholm and Mathews (1972U,b), De la Torre et al (1974), , Naftchi et al (1974), Bingham et al (1975), and Kidman et al (1976), spinal cord catecholamine concentrations were not measured with respect to net weight. These studies did not apparently allow for changes in wet weight of the spinal cord that follow experimental impact injury.…”

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confidence: 85%

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Monoamine and Tissue Fluid Levels in Contused Spinal Cord of Sheep

Hinwood

Yeo

Kidman

1980

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Methods are described for the determination of sheep spinal cord tissue fluid content and norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine concentrations after experimental injury. The amount of tissue fluid varied in different regions of sheep spinal cord following injury. Norepinephrine and serotonin wet weight concentrations were corrected for this variation in tissue fluid. Corrected norepinephrine wet weight cord concentrations did not change up to 3 hr after injury. Levels of serotonin at 60 min after injury were similar to controls. Dopamine was not detected in sheep spinal cord. alpha-Methyl tyrosine significantly reduced fluid in the spinal cord at 75 min after injury.

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confidence: 85%

“…Further, Osterholm and Mathews (19726) observed that the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor a-methyl tyrosine (AMT) improved the motor recovery of cats following spinal cord injury. In sheep NE was not elevated following spinal cord injury (Kidman et al, 1976), although AMT effected an improved clinical recovery (Hinwood et al 1974;Yeo et al, 1975).…”

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Monoamine and Tissue Fluid Levels in Contused Spinal Cord of Sheep

Hinwood

Yeo

Kidman

1980

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Osterholm and Matthews' proposal (1971) that norepinephrine release enhances spinal cord injury was the first suggestion of a specific mediator of secondary damage in the spinal cord. Subsequent work (de la Torre et al, 1974;Kidman et al, 1976) failed to support the increase in norepinephrine concentrations on which Osterholm and Matthews' hypothesis was based, and it quickly fell from favor. However, more recent work showed that depleting norepinephrine in rats before experimental injury significantly increased recovery of function (Kurihara, 1985), and a role for norepinephrine remains a possibility.…”

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Norepinephrine and Serotonin Release upon Impact Injury to Rat Spinal Cord

Liu¹,

Valadez²,

Sorkin³

et al. 1990

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Microdialysis sampling was used to characterize the release of norepinephrine and serotonin upon impact injury to the rat spinal cord. Increases in extracellular norepinephrine concentrations in response to injury were small and of short duration. In contrast, serotonin concentrations quickly rose 35-90 times following injury and took 30-45 min to return to control levels. Bleeding caused by injury was probably the major source of the increased serotonin levels. Our results allow a role for serotonin in secondary damage upon injury to the spinal cord but suggest that norepinephrine is not a very significant contributor to such damage.

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Increased 5-hydroxytryptamine immunoreactivity in traumatized spinal cord

et al. 1990

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The possibility that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is involved in the early tissue reactions occurring in spinal cord trauma was examined in a rat model using an immunocytochemical technique. The injury was made in the form of a 5-mm long and 2.5-mm wide lesion of the right dorsal horn at the level of T10-11. Injured rats, pretreated with the 5-HT synthesis blocking agent, p-chlorophenyl alanine (p-CPA) were compared with untreated injured controls and the animals were allowed to survive for 5 h. The distribution of 5-HT was examined in proximal and distal cross- sections of the cord, located 2 and 5 mm away from the injury. Normal rats showed immunoreactive material in nerve cell processes and in a few nerve cell bodies of the ventral horns. The trauma to the spinal cord caused a marked increase in 5-HT immunoreactivity in the segments located 2 mm proximal and distal to the injury, particularly in the ipsilateral ventral horn. The segment located 5 mm distal to the lesion showed a similar increase in immunoreactivity but it was apparently less pronounced in the corresponding proximal segment. Treatment with p-CPA markedly reduced the trauma-induced increase in 5-HT immunoreactivity in all the segments. These immunohistochemical findings were in line with the changes in the contents of 5-HT measured biochemically in corresponding spinal cord segments. At the onset of the trauma to the spinal cord 5-HT is thus present in the tissue, mainly in the form of 5-HT-containing nerve cell processes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Concentrations of NE and 5‐HT in the contused sheep spinal cord: status of the monoamine hypothesis

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Monoamine and Tissue Fluid Levels in Contused Spinal Cord of Sheep

Monoamine and Tissue Fluid Levels in Contused Spinal Cord of Sheep

Norepinephrine and Serotonin Release upon Impact Injury to Rat Spinal Cord

Increased 5-hydroxytryptamine immunoreactivity in traumatized spinal cord

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