Concentrations of monocar☐ylic and dicar☐ylic acids and aldehydes in southern California wet precipitations: Comparison of urban and nonurban samples and compositional changes during scavenging

Kawamura, Kimitaka; Steinberg, Spencer M.; Kaplan, I. R.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00404-1

Cited by 129 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Concentrations of monocarboxylic acids in the urban rainwater from Los Angeles are similar to or higher than those of dicarboxylic acids, whose molecular distributions are characterized by the predominance of oxalic acid (Kawamura et al, 1996) and whose aerosol concentrations are often recognized as the most abundant organic compound class (Kawamura and Yasui, 2005). Monocarboxylic acids (C 1 -C 10 ) were found in motor exhausts and used engine oils (Kawamura et al, 1985;Kawamura et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Organic acids were measured by the method described in Kawamura and Kaplan (1984) and Kawamura et al (1996). Approximately 150 ml of melted snow samples were transferred to a round glass flask (200 ml) and adjusted to pH 8.5-9.0 with 0.1 M KOH solution using a pH meter.…”

Section: Samples and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their molecular distributions are characterized by the predominance of formic or acetic acid, followed by propionic acid. Extensive measurements of organic acids in rain and snow samples were conducted in Los Angeles and its vicinity (Kawamura et al, 1996;Kawamura et al, 2001). Formic and acetic acids have also been reported in snow samples using an ion chromatography (IC) (Dibb and Arsenault, 2002), although IC has rarely detected longer-chain monocarboxylic acids ≥C 3 due to its lower sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Low molecular weight (C1–C10) monocarboxylic acids, dissolved organic carbon and major inorganic ions in alpine snow pit sequence from a high mountain site, central Japan

Kawamura

Matsumoto

Tachibana

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Environment

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Low molecular weight (C 1 -C 10 ) monocarboxylic acids, dissolved organic carbon and major inorganic ions in alpine snow pit sequence from a high mountain site, central Japan AbstractSnowpack samples were collected from a snow pit sequence (6 m in depth) at the Murodo-Daira site near the summit of Mt. Tateyama, central Japan, an outflow region of Asian dusts. The snow samples were analyzed for a homologous series of low molecular weight normal (C 1 -C 10 ) and branched (iC 4 -iC 6 ) monocarboxylic acids as well as aromatic (benzoic) and hydroxy (glycolic and lactic) acids, together with major inorganic ions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The molecular distributions of organic acids were characterized by a predominance of acetic (range 7.8-76.4 ng/g-snow, av. 34.8 ng/g) or formic acid (2.6-48.1 ng/g, 27.7 ng/g), followed by propionic acid (0.6-5.2 ng/g, 2.8 ng/g). were found to account for 1-6% of DOC (270-1500 ng/g, 630 ng/g) in the snow samples.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samples and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Low molecular weight (C1–C10) monocarboxylic acids, dissolved organic carbon and major inorganic ions in alpine snow pit sequence from a high mountain site, central Japan

Kawamura

Matsumoto

Tachibana

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Environment

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ubiquity of di-carboxylic acids (DCA) is well documented both in urban and rural terrestrial aerosol and marine aerosol (Warneck, 2003;Tan et al, 2010;Sempéré and Kawamura, 1996;Pavuluri et al, 2010;Ma et al, 2013;Kundu et al, 2010;Kawamura et al, 1996Kawamura et al, , 2007Gierlus et al, 2012;Altieri et al, 2008). A recent study of marine aerosol from around the globe found that DCA contribute on average ∼ 15 % to total marine organic aerosol (OA) mass (Fu et al, 2013;Myriokefalitakis et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic salts interact with oxalic acid in submicron particles to form material with low hygroscopicity and volatility

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Volatility and hygroscopicity are two key properties of organic aerosol components, and both are strongly related to chemical identity. While the hygroscopicities of pure salts, di-carboxylic acids (DCA), and DCA salts are known, the hygroscopicity of internal mixtures of these components, as they are typically found in the atmosphere, has not been fully characterized. Here we show that inorganicorganic component interactions typically not considered in atmospheric models can lead to very strongly bound metalorganic complexes and greatly affect aerosol volatility and hygroscopicity; in particular, the bi-dentate binding of DCA to soluble inorganic ions. We have studied the volatility of pure, dry organic salt particles and the hygroscopicity of internal mixtures of oxalic acid (OxA, the dominant DCA in the atmosphere) and a number of salts, both mono-and divalent. The formation of very low volatility organic salts was confirmed, with minimal evaporation of oxalate salt particles below 75 • C. Dramatic increases in the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation diameter for particles with di-valent salts (e.g., CaCl 2 ) and relatively small particle volume fractions of OxA indicate that standard volume additivity rules for hygroscopicity do not apply. Thus small organic compounds with high O : C ratios are capable of forming lowvolatility and very low hygroscopicity particles. Given current knowledge of the formation mechanisms of OxA and M-Ox salts, surface enrichment of insoluble M-Ox salts is expected. The resulting formation of an insoluble coating of metal-oxalate salts can explain low-particle hygroscopicities. The formation of particles with a hard coating could offer an alternative explanation for observations of glass-like particles without the need for a phase transition.

show abstract

“…However, the fairly similar results were found for the oxalic acid values in Guiyang (2.79 µmol/L) and Shangzhong (2.31 µmol/L), which indicates little influence from anthropogenic activity and the similar sources at both sites. Main sources of oxalic acid were thought to be photochemical oxidation of anthropogenic, biogenic and oceanic emissions (Kawamura et al 1996;Ervens et al 2004). Because of the chemical stability, oxalic acids can accumulated in atmosphere and may be transported to other regions (Chebbi and Carlier 1996).…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban and rural observations of carboxylic acids in rainwater in Southwest of China: the impact of urbanization

Xu¹,

Lee

2009

J Atmos Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seven carboxylic acids in rainwater were simultaneously determined using ion chromatography for 13 months in two different sites, Guiyang and Shangzhong, southwest of China. Results showed formic, acetic and oxalic acids were the three predominant carboxylic acids. Their volume-weighted average concentrations were 14.24, 9.35, 2.79 μmol/L in Guiyang and 4.95, 1.35, 2.31 μmol/L in Shangzhong, respectively. A distinctive diurnal pattern in carboxylic acid concentrations (daytime>nighttime, t test, p<0.05) was observed during the growing season in Guiyang. Shangzhong witnessed higher concentration of these acids during the growing season than that during the non-growing season. Direct emissions from growing vegetation or soils probably account for the main provenance of the acids in the rural area. However, the opposite trend were found in Guiyang and the anthropogenic sources during the non-growing season were the main reason. By comparison of our result with the previous data about 20 years ago, we calculated that at least 42% of acetic acids and 69% of formic acid originated from the anthropogenic sources in Guiyang. Furthermore, the ratio of formate/acetate in gas phase larger than 1 suggest the oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons from the human activity and/or natural sources were the main origin of carboxylic acids in Guiyang. While The F/A ratio in gas phase was less than 1 in Shangzhong which indicate the direct emissions from biogenic sources. Oxalic acid was in similar amounts in both sites, indicating the common source of the acid.

show abstract

Concentrations of monocar☐ylic and dicar☐ylic acids and aldehydes in southern California wet precipitations: Comparison of urban and nonurban samples and compositional changes during scavenging

Cited by 129 publications

References 65 publications

Low molecular weight (C1–C10) monocarboxylic acids, dissolved organic carbon and major inorganic ions in alpine snow pit sequence from a high mountain site, central Japan

Low molecular weight (C1–C10) monocarboxylic acids, dissolved organic carbon and major inorganic ions in alpine snow pit sequence from a high mountain site, central Japan

Inorganic salts interact with oxalic acid in submicron particles to form material with low hygroscopicity and volatility

Urban and rural observations of carboxylic acids in rainwater in Southwest of China: the impact of urbanization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About