Concentration of Unconjugated Estrone and Estradiol in Peripheral Plasma in Nonpregnant Women Throughout the Menstrual Cycle, Castrate and Postmenopausal Women and in Men<sup>1</sup>

Baird, D. T.; Guevara, Amelia

doi:10.1210/jcem-29-2-149

Cited by 170 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our values for Ex and E 2 in peripheral plasma are similar to those found by the same method in plasma of ambulatory women (34). Other authors who have used different methods (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) have reported E 2 levels in the same range.…”

Section: Comparison Of Ovarian and Peripheral Vein Steroids (Tables 3-6supporting

confidence: 88%

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle¹

Lloyd

Lobotsky

Baird

et al. 1971

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The concentrations of unconjugated estrone (Ei), estradiol (E 2 ), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A) and progesterone (P) were measured in peripheral and ovarian venous plasma collected from 18 healthy women on days 7-30 of the menstrual cycle at the time of elective tubal ligation. An additional 4 steroids, pregnenolone, 17a-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), 20«-dihydroxyprogesterone (20-OHP) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), were measured in ovarian venous plasma. In 2 subjects, one in the follicular phase and one in the luteal phase, blood was obtained from both ovaries. There was evidence of secretion by the ovary of all the steroids measured. Of the Cis and Cio steroids, E2 and A, respectively, were secreted by the ovary in largest amounts. There was a wide range of concentration of each steroid in ovarian venous plasma collected at the same time of the cycle from different subjects. High concentrations of E 2 were associated with high levels of Ei, T and A. DHEA appeared to be higher in plasma from the less actively secreting ovary. Equally high values of all these steroids were found in specimens from both phases of the cycle. There clearly was secretion of progesterone in the luteal phase from the ovary containing the corpus luteum. In the subject where bilateral sampling was performed, the ovary that did not contain the corpus luteum secreted lesser, though still significant, amounts of P than the one containing the corpus luteum. In the follicular phase, there was a suggestion of secretion of P in 2 cases. In 3 of 4 subjects in the follicular phase in which 17-OHP was measured, it was increased; in one of these, 17-OHP was higher in blood from the ovary secreting the smaller amount of e3trogen. In the luteal phase, high levels of 17-OHP were found in some subjects. The relationship between 17-OHP and P or E 2 was not consistent. The range of concentrations of all the steroids in the peripheral plasma was much less than in the ovarian plasma. The ratios of A/T and E2/Ei in ovarian vein plasma were 4-6 times higher than in peripheral vein plasma. (J Clin Endocr 32: 155, 1971) M OST of the concepts concerning the endocrine events in the menstrual cycle have been deiived from observations

show abstract

Section: Comparison Of Ovarian and Peripheral Vein Steroids (Tables 3-6supporting

confidence: 88%

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle¹

Lloyd

Lobotsky

Baird

et al. 1971

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding would suggest that the acute fall in serum estradiol concentration may act as a triggering event. This assumption need not be inconsistent with the observed preovulatory rise in serum estradiol levels based on daily measurements (11,(18)(19)(20) since major fluctuation in serum estradiol concentration has been detected in samples obtained at hourly intervals (unpublished data). Nonetheless, the precise time course between estradiol -20 ng/ml i-.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…These findings may be interpreted to indicate that the sensitivity of the hypothalamicpituitary complex to the feedback action of estradiol varied during the menstrual cycle. Thus, during the mid-follicular phase (D7-9) when endogenous estradiol began to rise (11,(18)(19)(20), an increased sensitivity might be anticipated. Our findings in the present report support this assumption and suggest that the rapid rise (or acute fall) of circulating estradiol levels a few days preceding the onset of LH surge (8-10) constitute the major ovarian signal for triggering acute gonadotropin release during the human menstrual cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Gonadotropin Release Induced by Exogenous Estradiol During the Mid-Follicular Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

Yen

Tsai

1972

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the mid-follicular phase of the cycle (D7-9), a rapid increase in serum estradiol levels was induced via 17P-estradiol infusion, ethinyl estradiol and estradiol benzoate administration in a fashion simulating the preovulatory rise and this elicited an acute release of LH to a lesser degree FSH, in 5 of 7 subjects studied. During treatment (1-3 days) a uniform suppression of gonadotropin levels was noted. This negative feedback effect was followed by the onset of an acute surge of both gonadotropins which occurred 12-24 hrs after the termination of treatment when a consistent drop of serum estradiol concentrations was observed. In three subjects the induced LH-FSH surge was comparable to those occurring spontaneously at midcycle, but without evidence of ovarian response either in ovulation or in the enhanced estradiol secretion.In all subjects, this transient disruption of the normal sequence of gonadotropin secretion was associated with an impairment of follicular maturation as reflected by the low estradiol levels and the prolongation of the follicular phase. The subsequent time course mimicked a newly initiated cycle with an inversed relationship between serum estradiol and gonadotropin concentrations. These data suggest that the negative and positive feedback action of ovarian estradiol modulates the tonic secretion of gonadotropins during the human menstrual cycle and supports the hypothesis that the rapid rise (or acute fall) in serum estradiol levels during the late follicular phase provides a major ovarian signal for triggering the gonadotropin surge at midcycle. (/ Clin Endocr 34: 298, 1972) C OMPELLING evidence that increasing levels of circulating estradiol trigger the ovulatory surge of LH is afforded by the ability of exogenous estradiol to induce acute release of LH in rats (1,2), sheep (3,4), and monkeys (5). Additionally, administration of antibodies to 17|3-estradiol blocks spontaneous and PMS-induced LH surges in rats which can be restored by treatment with a non cross-reacting synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbesterol (6,7). In humans, although ovulation and a rise in plasma LH may be induced by administration of estrogen in

show abstract

“…Baird and Guevara (46) reported a positive correlation between concentration in plasma LH and both estrone and estradiol-17(3 during the normal cycle. They noted that the concentration of estradiol-17(3 in plasma starts to rise at least 8 days before the LH peak and suggested that a certain critical concentration of estrogen may be necessary to induce the mid-cycle release of LH from the pituitary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Simultaneous Radioimmunoassay of Plasma FSH, LH, Progesterone, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, and Estradiol-17β During the Menstrual Cycle

Abraham

Odell

Swerdloff

et al. 1972

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

338

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasma levels of FSH, LH, progesterone (P), 17-hydroxy-progesterone (17-OHP), and estradiol-173 (E 2 ) were measured daily by radioimmunoassay in eleven menstrual cycles from eleven normally menstruating women. The following criteria were used as indirect evidence for a normal ovulatory cycle: 1) mid-cycle LH peak, 2) luteal phase of 12-16 days duration, and 3) plasma progesterone above 5 ng/ml 5-8 days after the LH peak. Nine of eleven cycles studied were considered normal. A mid-cycle peak of E 2 and 17-OHP was observed in every normal cycle studied.In one of the normal cycles, two peaks of plasma E 2 occurred respectively on days 9 and 22. However, 17-OHP levels were low on day 9 and elevated on day 22. A gonadotropin surge occurred on day 22 followed by a normal luteal phase. The other two abnormal cycles studied either showed low levels of E 2 and 17-OHP or a peak of only one of the two steroids. The data suggest that in women, there is a relationship between the steroids 17-OHP and E 2 , and the mid-cycle surge of gonadotropins. (/ Clin Endocr 34: 312, 1972) T HE ADVENT of radioimmunoassay (1) has permitted quantitation of polypeptide hormones in small volumes of biological materials and has made frequent sampling feasible (2-4). Due to this breakthrough in methodology, the pattern of plasma immunoreactive FSH and LH during the normal menstrual cycle has been established (5-18). More recently, the principle of radioimmunoassay was applied to the measurement of steroid hormones in plasma (19-33). Using this and other similar techniques, various investigators have studied the relationship between the mid-cycle surge of gonadotropins and plasma levels of progestins and estrogens (24,34-43). These studies have improved our knowledge concerning mechanisms involved in the mid-cycle ovulatory surge of gonadotropins in women. In an attempt to tackle this question, we have studied daily plasma levels of the gonadotropins LH and FSH and of the steroid hormones progesterone (P), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), and estradiol-17(3 (E 2 ) during eleven Received August 6, 1971. menstrual cycles. The results of this study suggest that, in women, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and estradiol-17(3 are both related to the mid-cycle surge of gonadotropins. Materials and MethodsSubjects. Eleven women in apparent good health on no medications and with histories of regular menstrual cycles were studied. The clinical data on these subjects are summarized in Table 1. The follicular phase (pre-LH peak duration) was denned as the time interval between the first day of menses and the LH peak. The luteal phase (post-LH peak duration) was the interval between the LH peak and the first day of the following menses. The following criteria were used to define a normal ovulatory cycle (38,44):1) mid-cycle LH peak; 2) luteal phase duration between 12 and 16 days; and 3) plasma progesterone levels above 5 ng/ml 5-8 days after the LH peak.Method. Plasma FSH (17), LH (5), progesterone (23), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (24), and estradiol-17(3 (25) were...

show abstract

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrone and Estradiol in Peripheral Plasma in Nonpregnant Women Throughout the Menstrual Cycle, Castrate and Postmenopausal Women and in Men¹

Cited by 170 publications

References 0 publications

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle¹

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle¹

Acute Gonadotropin Release Induced by Exogenous Estradiol During the Mid-Follicular Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

Simultaneous Radioimmunoassay of Plasma FSH, LH, Progesterone, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, and Estradiol-17β During the Menstrual Cycle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrone and Estradiol in Peripheral Plasma in Nonpregnant Women Throughout the Menstrual Cycle, Castrate and Postmenopausal Women and in Men1

Cited by 170 publications

References 0 publications

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle1

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle1

Acute Gonadotropin Release Induced by Exogenous Estradiol During the Mid-Follicular Phase of the Menstrual Cycle

Simultaneous Radioimmunoassay of Plasma FSH, LH, Progesterone, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, and Estradiol-17β During the Menstrual Cycle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrone and Estradiol in Peripheral Plasma in Nonpregnant Women Throughout the Menstrual Cycle, Castrate and Postmenopausal Women and in Men¹

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle¹

Concentration of Unconjugated Estrogens, Androgens and Gestagens in Ovarian and Peripheral Venous Plasma of Women: The Normal Menstrual Cycle¹