Concentration of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (M-CSF) in Bovine Peripheral Blood during Pregnancy

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is a hemopoietic cytokine with a primary role in placental physiology. Gene expression of M-CSF in the bovine endometrium shows a temporal upward trend during early and mid pregnancy. This study determined the plasma M-CSF levels during pregnancy using ELISA. In experiment 1, to investigate the relationship between the concentration of M-CSF in peripheral blood and pregnancy, the plasma M-CSF levels were determined in 125 pregnant and 21 non-pregnant Japanese Black cows. The pregnant animals were divided into nine groups based on the month of pregnancy. An ELISA for bovine M-CSF established previously was used according to the authors' instructions. In experiment 2, the plasma M-CSF level was determined to investigate the temporal changes in its concentration in the peripheral blood during pregnancy. In experiment 1, the plasma M-CSF level varied from month to month during pregnancy; the mean level in the first-month of pregnancy was significantly higher than those in the third and last months of pregnancy and non-pregnancy (P<0.05). In experiment 2, the plasma M-CSF level varied with the day of pregnancy (P<0.05). The mean level of plasma M-CSF decreased gradually until 6 weeks of pregnancy; it appeared to increase during weeks 7-9, then varied with several small peaks until 27 weeks of pregnancy and finally decreased gradually until parturition. These results suggest that the plasma M-CSF level may be related to changes in the uterus and placenta as pregnancy progresses.

Gene expression of FOXP3, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), IL10 and CSF1 in the uterus of cows that received an intrauterine infusion of maternal and paternal antigens

“…Regarding uterine gene expression of CSF-1 during pregnancy in bovine, the results obtained in this study suggest that there may be negative effect from simultaneous or isolated intrauterine administration of semen and PBMCs for the growth and development of the embryo in preimplantation (OSHIMA et al, 2008) because the endometrial expression of CSF-1 was markedly increased between 14 and 17 days of pregnancy (LEE et al, 2003), precisely when the conceptus reaches its rapid growth (IDETA et al, 2010a) and maximum production of INF-τ, promoting the maternal recognition of pregnancy and ideal conditions to implantation (HANSEN, 1997). Moreover, in this experiment, there was no presence of the embryo in the uterus of the recipients, which in fact may have influenced the results because early embryos secrete a wide variety of molecules which modulate the maternal immune system for recognition, establishment and maintenance of pregnancy (HANSEN, 1997, ROBERTS, 2007.…”

“…2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v36n6a2020-48218 for pregnancy (HANSEN, 2011). Several factors are involved in this immunoregulatory network and including regulatory T cells (Treg), which play key role in antigen-specific immunoregulation and induction of maternal-fetal tolerance (SAITO et al, 2010); indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme (IDO), which performs important inhibition role in conventional immunostimulation by tryptophan depletion (DELLÊ;NORONHA, 2009); and Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and colony stimulating factor 1 cytokines (CSF-1), which are important modulators of immune tolerance (OLIVEIRA et al, 2013) and the development of bovine embryos (OSHIMA et al, 2008), respectively.…”

Expressão gênica de FOXP3, indoleamina 2,3 dioxigenase, IL10 e CSF1 em útero de vacas que receberam infusão intrauterina de antígenos maternos e paternos no período peri-ovulatório

“…Acredita-se que a gestação se torne mais estável por volta do 2-3° mês, quando a incidência de abortos após TE parece diminuir e, justamente, quando a expressão de CSF-1 nos tecidos uteroplacentários e a expressão de CSF-1R no trofoblasto atingem níveis altos (OSHIMA et al, 2003). Dessa forma, no que se refere a expressão gênica de CSF-1 no endométrio bovino durante a gestação, os resultados obtidos no presente estudo nos permite sugerir que pode existir um efeito negativo da administração (KANZAKI et al, 1995;COHEN et al, 1999;OSHIMA et al, 2003OSHIMA et al, , 2008.…”

“…Em camundongos, a expressão de CSF-1 pelo epitélio uterino também é regulada sinergicamente pelos hormônios estrógeno e progesterona, e é logaritmicamente elevada durante a gestação (NASU et al, 1999;LEE et al, 2003). Da mesma forma, é possível que a expressão do CSF-1 no endométrio e na placenta seja responsiva aos hormônios esteroides sexuais em bovinos, visto que os níveis de mRNA mostram variação dinâmica durante todo o ciclo estral e gestação, de uma maneira que é refletida nos níveis relativos de progesterona e estrógeno, sendo regulada positivamente em torno do cio no útero cíclico (STANLEY et al, 1983;LEE et al, 2003;OSHIMA et al, 2008). Os níveis de progesterona têm sido referidos como sendo maiores no corno ipsilateral do que no corno oposto mais afastado do CL, assim, o gradiente de progesterona pode ser responsável pela diferença na expressão de CSF-1 entre os dois cornos bovinos (LEE et al, 2003).…”

“…A importância do CSF-1 na reprodução tem sido evidenciada por camundongos mutantes com total carência de CSF-1, o qual apresenta diversos defeitos reprodutivos e baixas taxas no estabelecimento da gestação, sugerindo que a secreção de CSF-1 no endométrio é indispensável para desenvolvimento pré-implantação do embrião e/ou funções endometriais (KANZAKI et al, 1995;COHEN et al, 1999;OSHIMA et al, 2003;OSHIMA et al, 2008). (OSHIMA et al, 2003).…”