Concentration of Histamine in Different Parts of Brain and Hypophysis of Cat and Its Modification by Drugs

Adam, Henry M.; Hye, H. K. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1966.tb01880.x

Cited by 86 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The concentration of histamine in both lobes of the hypophysis of the rabbit was found to be lower and less variable than that reported for the dog (Adam, 1961), cat (Adam & Hye, 1966) and guinea-pig (Stephen. 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Concentration of histamine in different parts of the brain and hypophysis of rabbit: effect of treatment with histidine, certain other amino acids and histamine

Abou

Adam

Stephen

1973

British J Pharmacology

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4. In conscious rabbits, intravenous infusion of histidine in the dose range 62 to 1,500 mg/kg, raised significantly (P<0-01) the concentration of histamine in all regions of the brain examined, the pattern of distribution remaining unchanged. The largest increases occurred in the mid brain (90 to 320%) and in the hypothalamus (50 to 250%); in these areas the higher doses produced higher concentrations. Elsewhere in the brain the concentration rose in response to the lowest dose of histidine, but was not increased when higher doses were given. Concentrations in the anterior lobe of the hypophysis were unaltered. 5. The infusion of histidine, unlike that of amino acid precursors, of the monoamines, produced no obvious disturbance in the animals. 6. The rise in brain histamine after dosage with histidine persisted for several hours, depending on the dose; with 500 mg/kg, the rise was virtually unchanged after 16 hours. 7. Histamine (5 mg/kg by intravenous infusion) raised the concentration of histamine in the hypophysis but not in the brain.8. After the infusion of DOPA, a-methyldopa or 5-hydroxytryptophan, the histamine concentration rose in the mid-brain but not in other parts of the brain.9. These amino acids, when infused singly with histidine, did not interfere with the histidine-induced rise of brain histamine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Concentration of histamine in different parts of the brain and hypophysis of rabbit: effect of treatment with histidine, certain other amino acids and histamine

Abou

Adam

Stephen

1973

British J Pharmacology

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“…Histamine has been located in different brain areas including the hypothalamus and the hypophysis (Crossland, 1960;Adam, 1961;Adam & Hye, 1966). The enzymes necessary for its synthesis and catabolism are also found in the central nervous system (Adam, Hye & Waton, 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of histamine‐induced antidiuretic response

Bhargava

Kulshrestha

Santhakumari

et al. 1973

British J Pharmacology

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Summary In dogs anaesthetized with α‐chloralose, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of histamine induced antidiuresis and increase in jugular vein blood antidiuretic hormone (ADH) level but no change in urinary electrolytes. The mechanism of the histamine‐induced antidiuretic response was analysed by the use of pharmacological agents. Histamine (i.c.v.) in 1–20 μg doses produced a variable effect on urine outflow as well as on the blood ADH concentration; however, higher doses (25–500 μg) of histamine elicited a dose‐dependent antidiuretic response with concomitant rise in blood ADH titre. Repeated administration of high doses of i.c.v. histamine (400 μg) elicited a diminishing antidiuretic response which was not observable after the fourth dose, thus exhibiting tachyphylaxis. The antidiuretic response to histamine could be restored by central administration of noradrenaline (500 μg). Central pretreatment with mepyramine (5 mg) prevented the histamine‐induced antidiuresis. Atropine (2 mg i.c.v.) was ineffective in blocking the antidiuretic effect of histamine. A diuretic response to histamine (400 μg i.c.v.) was obtained in phenoxybenzamine (i.c.v.) pretreated animals; this response could be blocked by i.c.v. injection of propranolol. Tetrabenazine pretreatment prevented the antidiuretic response to histamine. The results of the study lead us to conclude that histamine releases central catecholamines which activate the central adrenergic mechanism for the release of antidiuretic hormone.

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“…In the brain, the highest histamine content is found in hypothalamus (2)(3)(4)(5) and in certain areas of the mesencephalon (6). Biochemical measurements of histamine and its synthesizing enzyme, histidine decarboxylase, in various regions of intact and lesioned brains suggest that brain contains long axon histamine-containing neurons.…”

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Histamine-containing neurons in the rat hypothalamus.

Panula¹,

Yang²,

Costa³

1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

627

318

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A specific antiserum against histamine was produced in rabbits, and an immunohistochemical study of histamine-containing cells was carried out in rat brain. The antiserum bound histamine in a standard radioimmunoassay and stained mast cells located in various rat and guinea pig tissues. Enterochromaffin-like cells in the stomach and neurons in the posterior hypothalamic area could be detected with this antiserum. The staining was highly specific and was not abolished by preabsorption with histidine, histidine-containing peptides, serotonin, or catecholamines, whereas preabsorption with histamine completely abolished the staining. Immunoglobulins of this antiserum purified by affinity chromatography stained the same cells as did the crude antiserum, whereas the serum fraction, which was not absorbed by histamine-affinity ligand, failed to stain any neuron. Histamine-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies were found only in the hypothalamic and premammillary areas of colchicine-treated rats. The largest group of cells was seen in the caudal magnocellular nucleus and medially on the dorsal and ventral aspects of the ventral premammillary nucleus. Immunoreactive nerve fibers, but no cell bodies, were detected in other parts of the brain. Histamine-immunoreactive mast cells were found in the median eminence and pituitary gland. The results suggest that histamine-containing neurons are located only in a small area of the posterior hypothalamus, and these cells are probably the source of ascending and descending fibers detected in other brain areas.During the last decade, a number of studies have indicated that histamine may function as a putative neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (1). In the brain, the highest histamine content is found in hypothalamus (2-5) and in certain areas of the mesencephalon (6). Biochemical measurements of histamine and its synthesizing enzyme, histidine decarboxylase, in various regions of intact and lesioned brains suggest that brain contains long axon histamine-containing neurons. Furthermore, although a considerable portion of brain histamine appears to be located in mast cells (4,7,8), its presence in synaptosomal fractions suggests its neuronal location (9-12); this is supported by the presence in brain structures of adenylate cyclase activity stimulated by histamine (13).The immunocytochemical method that detects serotonin has been useful in revealing serotonin-containing neuronal pathways in the central nervous system (14). Attempts to develop a fluorescence histochemical method for histamine have been made (15-17), but the o-phthalylaldehyde (OPT) method failed to detect histamine-containing neurons in the brain. Wilcox and Seybold (18) reported the presence of histamine-containing neurons in the median eminence, using antibodies against histamine. However, this study detected only a few histamine-containing cells. The present study, in which an antiserum against histamine is used, shows that several groups of histamine-containing neurons are located in ra...

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Concentration of Histamine in Different Parts of Brain and Hypophysis of Cat and Its Modification by Drugs

Cited by 86 publications

References 41 publications

Concentration of histamine in different parts of the brain and hypophysis of rabbit: effect of treatment with histidine, certain other amino acids and histamine

Concentration of histamine in different parts of the brain and hypophysis of rabbit: effect of treatment with histidine, certain other amino acids and histamine

Mechanism of histamine‐induced antidiuretic response

Histamine-containing neurons in the rat hypothalamus.

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