Concentration of fecal cortisol metabolites in chamois in relation to tourist pressure in Tatra National Park (South Poland)

Zwijacz‐Kozica, Tomasz; Selva, Nuria; Barja, Isabel; Silván, Gema; Martínez-Fernández, Leticia; Illera, Juan Carlos; Jodłowski, Miłosz

doi:10.1007/s13364-012-0108-7

Cited by 64 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…To avoid this in the SNP, the road disturbance should be maintained at current levels and this should also apply to the proposed road. Although no other study has assessed the specific effect of roads on FGM levels in mammals, studies previously discussed have shown that both snowmobile activity, vehicle intensity and tourism directly affect GC levels in animals (Creel et al 2002;Millspaugh et al 2001;Thiel et al 2008;Thiel et al 2011;Zwijacz-Kozica et al 2013) This is consistent with the results of this study, and a road with high disturbance is likely to cause a substantial increase in GC levels of species inhabiting the area, resulting in the subsequent behavioural response to avoid the area. This has been demonstrated in a recent study by Strasser and Heath (2013), who showed that the reproductive output of the American kestrel (Falco sparverius) was significantly negatively affected by large, busy roads and developed areas.…”

Section: Effects Of Increased Stress Levelssupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessing the effect of roads on impala (Aepyceros melampus) stress levels using faecal glucocorticoid metabolites

Lunde

2016

Afr. J. Ecol.

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PrefaceThe background for this study is the imminent threat of global species decline, which I believe deserve immediate attention to enable us to preserve the Earth's biosphere and ensure that future generations will inherit a functioning planet. It is in direct association with the principles of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of the United Nations, which aims to conserve biological diversity, ensure sustainable use and an equal sharing of our resources.

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Section: Effects Of Increased Stress Levelssupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessing the effect of roads on impala (Aepyceros melampus) stress levels using faecal glucocorticoid metabolites

Lunde

2016

Afr. J. Ecol.

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“…Grignolio et al 2014), although chamois are legally hunted outside the park. It has been shown that tourism may also affect chamois activity (Zwijacz-Kozica et al 2013): while such investigations are beyond the scope of our study, it should be noted that the national park receives some 15,000 visitors/year, the majority of which is during the warmer months. Tourism, however, is unlikely to explain the lack of an activity peak at dusk, as hiking does not occur at this time of the day.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Unimodal activity pattern in forest-dwelling chamois: typical behaviour or interspecific avoidance?

et al. 2015

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Daily activity rhythms in mammals are influenced by a range of biotic and abiotic factors. During warm periods, mountain ungulates living in open areas typically show a bimodal pattern of activity rhythms, with peaks at dawn and dusk. To date, however, little is known about the activity patterns of mountain ungulates living in forested habitats and in areas where large predators are present. Using camera traps over a 6-month period between May and October of 2012, we investigated the activity pattern of a chamois population dwelling in the forests of the northern Mount Velebit region (Croatia) and its overlap with the activity patterns of potential predators (brown bear, grey wolf) and competitors (wild boar). Chamois showed a peak of activity between 5:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m., when 65 % of individuals were photographed. Contrary to previous literature on chamois, we found evidence for a unimodal pattern of activity with a peak in the early morning hours: At a seasonal level, this pattern remained fairly consistent, though the activity at dusk increased in the warmest months. The main peak of activity occurred during periods of decreased activity of potential predators and competitors, and chamois exhibited the least tolerance for overlap with grey wolf. Further studies are needed to clarify whether this pattern is typical of forest-dwelling populations or if it reflects a temporal niche shift, possibly as a strategy to avoid predators.

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“…Measuring the hormonal response of species to human interference has been proven to be a rapid and cost-effective method (Zwijacz-Kozica et al, 2013). Our results show that panda FCM levels can objectively reflect the degree of interference in tbeir babitat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Fecal cortisol content of wild giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) to monitor human disturbance level in natural habitats

Deng

Jin²,

et al. 2014

Animal Biol

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Wild animals are affected by growing human interference in their habitats and inevitably react internally to such stimuli. This study explores inherent physiological parameters to assess the effect of human interference on giant pandas in their wild habitat. Ninety-one fecal samples were collected within four nature reserves on Qinling Mountain. Fecal cortisol determinations were performed by radioimmunoassay. We categorized the intensity of local human disturbance and tested for correlations between the intensity of human disturbance and fecal cortisol metabolite levels. The results show a significant positive correlation between giant panda fecal cortisol metabolite levels and the degree of disturbance in their habitat. This study is the first to use a non-invasive monitoring method to analyze wild giant panda habitat disturbance, and demonstrates that cortisol metabolite levels in panda dung can objectively reflect the degree of panda habitat disturbance. The results provide a relatively objective means and method with which to evaluate the quality of wild giant panda habitat. This study highlights the need to monitor the effects of human disturbance on wildlife and to implement new pohcies in the management of nature reserves.

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Concentration of fecal cortisol metabolites in chamois in relation to tourist pressure in Tatra National Park (South Poland)

Cited by 64 publications

References 37 publications

Assessing the effect of roads on impala (Aepyceros melampus) stress levels using faecal glucocorticoid metabolites

Assessing the effect of roads on impala (Aepyceros melampus) stress levels using faecal glucocorticoid metabolites

Unimodal activity pattern in forest-dwelling chamois: typical behaviour or interspecific avoidance?

Fecal cortisol content of wild giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) to monitor human disturbance level in natural habitats

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