Concentration of enteric viruses in wastewater and effluent: a two year survey

172

Twelve strains of different Bacteroides species were tested for their efficiency of detection of bacteriophages from sewage. The host range of several isolated phages was investigated. The results indicated that there was a high degree of strain specificity. Then, by using Bacteroidesfragilis HSP 40 as the host, which proved to be the most efficient for the detection of phages, feces from humans and several animal species and raw sewage, river water, water from lagoons, seawater, groundwater, and sediments were tested for the presence of bacteriophages that were active against B. fragilis HSP 40. Phages were detected in feces of 10% of the human fecal samples tested and was never detected in feces of the other animal species studied. Moreover, bacteriophages were always recovered from sewage and sewage-polluted samples of waters and sediments, but not from nonpolluted samples. The titers recovered were dependent on the degree of pollution in analyzed waters and sediments. * Corresponding author. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial strains. Twenty-five strains of Bacteroides were used in this study. Strains HSP 39, HSP 40, and HSP 44 were obtained from the Microbiology Service at the Hospital de Sant Pau (Barcelona, Spain). They were isolated from peritoneal exudates and were classified as Bacteroides fragilis according to substrate utilization, products of fermentation determined by gas-liquid chromatography, growth in 20% bile, and indole production (12).

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Bacteriophages active against Bacteroides fragilis in sewage-polluted waters

Tartera

Jofre

1987

172

“…Currently practiced sewage treatment methods generally cannot ensure the removal of all human viruses from treated wastewater (5,6,22). The presence of these organisms has been viewed as a potential hazard to wastewater reuse operations, especially those involving aquifer supplementation by recharge (2,3,12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus removal during groundwater recharge: effects of infiltration rate on adsorption of poliovirus to soil

Vaughn¹,

Landry²,

Beckwith³

et al. 1981

Studies were conducted to determine the influence of infiltration rate on poliovirus removal during groundwater recharge with tertiary-treated wastewater effluents. Experiments were conducted at a uniquely designed, field-situated test recharge basin facility through which some 62,000 m3 of sewage had been previously applied. Recharge at high infiltration rates (75 to 100 cm/h) resulted in the movement ofconsiderable numbers ofseeded poliovirus to the groundwater. Moderately reduced infiltration rates (6 cm/h) affected significantly improved virus removal. Very low infiltration rates (0.5 to 1.0 cm/h), achieved by partial clogging of the test basin, yielded the greatest virus removal efficiencies.

“…Currently practiced sewage treatment methods cannot guarantee the removal of all human viruses, and their isolation from treated wastewater effluents has been the subject of numerous reports (4,5,15,19,21). The presence of these organisms has been viewed as a potential health hazard to wastewater reuse operations, especially those involving groundwater recharge (1,2,12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of human virus occurrence in wastewater-recharged groundwater on Long Island

Vaughn¹,

Landry²,

Baranosky³

et al. 1978

Treated wastewater effluents and groundwater observation wells from three sewage recharge installations located on Long Island were assayed on a monthly basis for indigenous human enteroviruses and coliform bacteria for a period of 1 year. Viruses were detected in groundwater at sites where recharge basins were located less than 35 feet (ca. 10.6 m) above the aquifer. Results from one of the sites indicated the horizontal transfer of viable viruses through the groundwater aquifer.