Concentration of enteric virus indicator from seawater using granular activated carbon

Cormier, Jiemin; Gutiérrez, Miguel Fernández; Goodridge, Lawrence; Janes, Marlene E.

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.11.008

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…To ensure accurate results, robust sampling methods typically involve collecting and concentrating large volumes of water, ranging from 10 L to over 1500 L. Current guidance and methodologies recommend ltering at least "a few hundred liters" of surface water sources intended for drinking water, at least 1500 L of groundwater, and up to 1000 L of recreational water for virus concentration [17,22,34]. A range of ex-situ concentration methods have been developed to concentrate small viral amounts from large volumes of water, but are time intensive and cumbersome [17,19,35]. Bo ll-Mas & Rusinol [19] reviewed 59 research articles for viral concentration procedures and found precipitation/ occulation, centrifugation, and ltration (ultra-, electronegative, and electropositive) to be the dominant processes used in recent research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced detection of viruses for improved water safety

Hayes

Gouthro

Fuller

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Human viruses pose a significant health risk in freshwater environments, but current monitoring methods are inadequate for detecting viral presence efficiently. We evaluated a novel passive in-situ concentration method using granular activated carbon (GAC). This study detected and quantified eight enteric and non-enteric pathogenic viruses in a freshwater recreational lake in paired grab and GAC passive samples. Results found that GAC passive sampling had a higher detection rate for all viruses compared to grab samples, with adenovirus found to be the most prevalent virus, followed by respiratory syncytial virus, norovirus, enterovirus, Influenza A, SARS-CoV-2, and rotavirus. GAC in-situ concentration allowed for the capture and recovery of viral gene copy targets that ranged from one to three orders of magnitude higher than conventional ex-situ concentration methods used in viral monitoring. This simple and affordable sampling method may have far-reaching implications for reducing barriers associated with viral monitoring across various environmental contexts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced detection of viruses for improved water safety

Hayes

Gouthro

Fuller

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Consequently, environmental surveillance of wastewater or wastewater-impacted surface water can detect silent PV transmission (El Bassioni et al 2003 ) and is necessary for PV eradication certification (World Health Organization 2015 ). MS2 is used as an indicator species for fecal contamination (Gerba et al 2003 ; Adams 1959 ) and environmental surveillance of MS2 can indicate if a beach area is unsafe for swimming or shellfish harvesting (Sobsey et al 1978 ; Cormier et al 2014 ; Cole et al 2003 ). Environmental surveillance of organisms, such as PV or other enteric viruses, can result in early outbreak detection and a timely vaccine campaign launch before clinical cases are reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Preservative Agents and Antibiotics for Increased Poliovirus Survival on Positively Charged Filters

et al. 2017

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Environmental surveillance of poliovirus (PV) and other non-enveloped viruses can help identify silent circulation and is necessary to certify eradication. The bag-mediated filtration system is an efficient method to filter large volumes of environmental waters at field sites for monitoring the presence of viruses. As filters may require long transit times to off-site laboratories for processing, viral inactivation or overgrowth of bacteria and fungi can interfere with virus detection and quantification (Miki and Jacquet in Aquatic Microb Ecol 51(2):195–208, 2008). To evaluate virus survival over time on ViroCap™ filters, the filters were seeded with PV type 1 (PV1) and/or MS2 and then dosed with preservatives or antibiotics prior to storage and elution. These filters were stored at various temperatures and time periods, and then eluted for PV1 and MS2 recovery quantification. Filters dosed with the preservative combination of 2% sodium benzoate and 0.2% calcium propionate had increased virus survival over time when stored at 25 °C, compared to samples stored at 25 °C with no preservatives. While elution within 24 h of filtration is recommended, if storage or shipping is required then this preservative mixture can help preserve sample integrity. Addition of an antibiotic cocktail containing cephapirin, gentamicin, and Proclin™ 300 increased recovery after storage at 4 and 25 °C, when compared to storage with no antibiotics. The antibiotic cocktail can aid sample preservation if access to appropriate antibiotics storage is available and sample cold chain is unreliable. This study demonstrated that the use of preservatives or antibiotics is a simple, cost-effective method to improve virus detection from ViroCap cartridge filters over time.

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“…However, most of them require pre-concentration steps because viruses are highly diluted in water. Among the most widely used techniques it can be found matrices based on activated carbon (6) or ion exchange resins (7), as well as absorption-elusion tests and others (8,9). The immunomagnetic separation (IMS) method has been proven to be effective in the detection of several enteric virus including Hepatitis A (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of them require pre-concentration steps as viruses are easily diluted in water. Among the most widely used techniques, we can mention matrices based on activated carbon 6 or ion exchange resins 7 , as well as absorption-elution tests, among others 8 , 9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

un Identification of enteric viruses from raw water using fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation coupled to RT-PCR

2021

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Introduction: Enteric viruses have been associated with the production of a variety of diseases transmitted by the fecal-oral route, carried through contaminated food and water. Given their structure and composition, they are highly resistant to environmental conditions and most of the chemical agents used in the purification processes. Therefore, a systematic monitoring of raw water is necessary to ensure its quality, especially, when it is used as feedstock for the production of drinking water for human consumption. Objective: In the present work the presence of Rotavirus and Hepatitis A Virus was identified by means of the fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation technique (FIMS) in raw water taken from four purification plants in the Norte de Santander department including their water supplies. Materials and methodos: The viruses were captured and separated from the water samples, using magnetic microparticles functionalized with monoclonal anti-Hepatitis A and anti-Rotavirus antibodies. Confocal microscopy was used to monitor the viral concentration process and transmission electron microscopy for morphological visualization of the separated viruses. The reverse transcriptase-coupled polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to confirm the presence of pathogens. Results: The two enteric viruses were identified in most of the analyzed water samples, including their water supply sources. Conclusion: It was possible to determine that the FIMS technique coupled to RT-PCR is highly effective technique in the detection of viral pathogens, in complex matrices such as raw water.

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Concentration of enteric virus indicator from seawater using granular activated carbon

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Enhanced detection of viruses for improved water safety

Enhanced detection of viruses for improved water safety

Use of Preservative Agents and Antibiotics for Increased Poliovirus Survival on Positively Charged Filters

un Identification of enteric viruses from raw water using fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation coupled to RT-PCR

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