2010
DOI: 10.1134/s0036024410120113
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Concentration effects in the nucleophilic reactions of tertiary amines in aqueous solutions. Alkylation of amines with ethylene chlorohydrin

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Cited by 12 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Analysis of unusual concentration dependences of initial reaction rate and reaction outcome of alkylation of various tertiary amines with ethylene chlorohydrin in aqueous solutions, accompanied by viscosimetry data for model systems, allowed Kazantsev et al to link these effects to "pre-reaction association involving reagents and products". 121 The authors revealed the existence of "favourable" and "unfavourable" concentration regions where different associates are formed and the reaction is promoted or retarded, respectively. The idea that reagents may form aggregates before the actual chemical reaction is very fruitful as it will be seen in subsequent sections of this review (see the forthcoming section on chemical properties of supramers).…”
Section: Known Examples Of Inuence Of Supramolecular Aggregation In ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Analysis of unusual concentration dependences of initial reaction rate and reaction outcome of alkylation of various tertiary amines with ethylene chlorohydrin in aqueous solutions, accompanied by viscosimetry data for model systems, allowed Kazantsev et al to link these effects to "pre-reaction association involving reagents and products". 121 The authors revealed the existence of "favourable" and "unfavourable" concentration regions where different associates are formed and the reaction is promoted or retarded, respectively. The idea that reagents may form aggregates before the actual chemical reaction is very fruitful as it will be seen in subsequent sections of this review (see the forthcoming section on chemical properties of supramers).…”
Section: Known Examples Of Inuence Of Supramolecular Aggregation In ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Viscosity measurements suggest that the concentration effects on rate were due to the association effects on the reactants on mixing the reagents and/or to the changes in association that occurred when the concentration of the reactants and products changed during the reaction. Viscosimetric and refractometric measurements on the S N 2 Menshutkin reactions between chloroacetic acid and several tertiary amines in aqueous solution suggest that the concentration effects on the reaction rates in the Menshutkin reactions with ethylene chlorohydrin 127 and chloroacetic acid are due to different associated species that change with the concentration of the reactants and products during a reaction. 128 These associations are probably caused by hydrogen bonding and/or ionic bonding interactions that change with the concentration.…”
Section: Miscellaneous Kinetic and Product Studiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Поэтому для третичных аминов, содержащих стерически доступные атомы азо-та, реакции (1)-(3) протекают в мягких условиях в водной среде с селективностью, близкой к 100 % [3,6,7]. В частности, в указанных работах в качестве нуклеофильных реагентов использо-ваны гетероциклические соединения -пиридин (Пир, рКа 5.23), N-метилпиперидин (МП, рКа 10,08), 1,4-диазабицикло-[2,2,2]октан (ДАБЦО, рКа 8,8). ДАБЦО содержит две равноценные аминогруппы, но при эквимольных соотношениях с кислотами акрилового ряда в водных раство-рах образует монобетаины, поскольку после моноприсоединения активность второй аминогруп-пы резко снижается [7].…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…В последние годы при исследовании реакций нуклеофильного присоединения или замещения третичных аминов различного строения в водных растворах были выявлены необычные концен-трационные эффекты [8][9][10]. Они заключаются в резком ускорении или торможении реакций, повышении или понижении равновесных конверсий в определенных интервалах исходных кон-центраций реагентов (при неизменном их соотношении), причем отдаленные от реакционного центра изменения в строении аминов могут значительно влиять на границы этих интервалов и степень выраженности эффектов.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified