Concentration-dependent stimulating and toxic effects of ZrS₃ and TiS₃ nanoribbons on forest woody plants in tissue culture in vitro

Abstract

Nanotechnology has a great potential for application in applied biotechnology. Here we demonstrate the effectiveness of synthesized by direct reaction ZrS3 and TiS3 nanoribbons as sterilizing agents, growth stimulators and activators of rhizogenesis of micro-sprouts of tree crops during clonal micropropagation. At the initiation stage at 6 and 15 μg/L ZrS3 and 3, 6 and 15 μg/L TiS3, complete sterility of shoots of brittle willow, red oak and Scots pine was noted. The maximum survival rate and seedling height at this stage was in the groups of 1.5 μg/L ZrS3 and 3 μg/L TiS3. An increase in the concentration of nanomaterials to 15 μg/L significantly reduced the viability of plants. At the proliferation stage the concentration of nanomaterials 1.5 and 3 μg/L increased the survival rate of regenerants, and at 3 μg/L with the phytohormones (benzylaminopurine, indoleacetic acid, gibberelic acid) the number of additional shoots increased. At the rooting stage ZrS3 and TiS3 at doses of 1.5 and 3 μg/L with auxin activated rhizogenesis, significantly increasing the number of seedlings with roots in comparison with the variants where only auxin were used. This effects can be associated both with the direct action of nanoribbons and with the release of hydrogen sulfide as a result of aqueous hydrolysis of nanoribbons, since H2S plays an important role in the regulation of plant physiological processes.

The Conditions Matter: The Toxicity of Titanium Trisulfide Nanoribbons to Bacteria E. coli Changes Dramatically Depending on the Chemical Environment and the Storage Time

“…Despite a significant number of studies on the toxicity of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, there are very few studies on the biological effects of transition metal trichalcogenides. Our previous studies show the effectiveness of 2D ZrS 3 and TiS 3 nanoribbons as sterilizing agents, growth stimulators, and activators of rhizogenesis of micro-sprouts of tree crops during clonal micropropagation [22]. TiS 3 nanoribbons of thickness less than 100 nm, length 1-10 µm, and width 0.4-1 µm showed promise for use as a sterilizing and stimulating agent in the initial growth stage and as a rhizogenesis-activating agent in the rooting stage of poplar × aspen hybrid and downy birch microclones [23].…”