Concentration and Viability of Bacterial Aerosols Associated with Weather in Asian Continental Outflow: Current Understanding

Zhang, Daizhou; Murata, Kotaro; Hu, Wei; Yuan, Hongli; Li, Weilin; Matsusaki, Hiromi; Kakikawa, Makiko

doi:10.1007/s41810-017-0008-y

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…gov/HYSPLIT_traj.php, last access: 8 September 2020). During dust events, the coarse particle concentration largely increased at the study site (Zhang et al, 2003). Dust particles were present in the postfront air and sometimes in the approaching anticyclone air.…”

Section: Atmospheric Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Biological particles in the atmosphere have a potentially significant effect on climate change (Ariya et al, 2009;Delort et al, 2010;Möhler et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2017); efficiently link microbial communities between continents, islands, and oceans (Fröhlich-Nowoisky et al, 2016;Morris et al, 2011;Caliz et al, 2018); and pose risks to human health (Polymenakou et al, 2008;Reinmuth-Selzle et al, 2017). Representing a high fraction of primary biological particles, airborne bacteria are emitted into the atmosphere from various sources, among which desert dust is a major source (Morris et al, 2011;Pöschl and Shiraiwa, 2015;Pöschl et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondusty air

Murata

Fan

et al. 2020

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Airborne bacteria are widespread as a major proportion of bioaerosols, and their coexistence with dust particles enables both bacteria and dust particles to be more active in ice cloud formation and to be harmful to public health. However, the abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty air have not been quantitatively investigated. We researched this subject based on the fact that airborne bacterial cells are approximately 1 µm or smaller in aerodynamic diameter; therefore, particle-attached bacteria should occur in aerosol samples of particles larger than 1 µm, and free-floating bacteria should occur among particles smaller than 1 µm. Our observations at a coastal site in Japan in spring, when the westerlies frequently transported dust from the Asian continent, revealed that particle-attached bacteria in dust episodes, at the concentration of 3.2±2.1×105 cells m−3 on average, occupied 72±9 % of the total bacteria. In contrast, the fraction was 56±17 % during nondusty periods, and the concentration was 1.1±0.7×105 cells m−3. The viability, defined as the ratio of viable cells to total cells, of particle-attached bacteria was 69±19 % in dust episodes and 60±22 % during nondusty periods on average, both of which were considerably lower than the viabilities of free-floating bacteria (about 87 %) under either dusty or nondusty conditions. The presented cases suggest that dust particles carried substantial amounts of bacteria on their surfaces, more than half of which were viable, and spread these bacteria through the atmosphere. This implies that dust and bacteria have important roles as internally mixed assemblages in cloud formation and in linking geographically isolated microbial communities, as well as possibly having a synergistic impact on human health.

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Section: Atmospheric Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondusty air

Murata

Fan

et al. 2020

Biogeosciences

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“…The cell concentration in the air ( C air , cells m −3 ) was calculated based on the cell counts following subtraction of the blank controls. Details about the efficiency of the methodology and observational procedures are available in our previous studies (Murata & Zhang, , ; Zhang et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration and Viability of Airborne Bacteria Over the Kuroshio Extension Region in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean: Data From Three Cruises

Murata

Fukuyama

et al. 2017

JGR Atmospheres

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Airborne bacteria have been shown to act as condensation and ice nuclei in mixed‐phase clouds and are consequently hypothesized to have significant effects on atmospheric processes and even the global climate. However, few data are available regarding their concentration and variation in the air over the open ocean. Aerosol samples were collected during three cruises in the early summers of 2013, 2014, and 2016 over the Kuroshio Extension region of the northwest Pacific Ocean. The concentrations of viable and nonviable bacterial cells in the marine surface air were quantified using epifluorescence enumeration with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight stain. The concentrations of total bacteria varied between 1.0 × 104 and 2.5 × 105 cells m−3 and averaged 5.2 × 104, 1.0 × 105, and 7.5 × 104 cells m−3 in the three respective cruises. The viabilities, i.e., the ratios of the concentration of viable bacterial cells to that of total bacterial cells, ranged from 80% to 100% (average 93%), and the respective means were 93%, 89%, and 96% in the cruises. The total bacterial concentration had a close correlation with the wind speed near the sea surface, and the bacterial viability correlated negatively with the air temperature, sea surface temperature, and concentration of coarse particles (size > 1 μm). The deposition and sea spray fluxes of bacteria were roughly estimated as hundreds of cells m−2 s−1 on average. The limited data on bacterial concentration and viability from the three cruises indicate the rapid air‐sea exchange of bacteria over the Kuroshio Extension region of the northwest Pacific Ocean.

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“…Biological particles in the atmosphere have a significant potential effect on climate change (Ariya et al, 2009;Delort et al, 2010;Möhler et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2017), efficiently link microbial communities between continents, islands and oceans (Fröhlich-Nowoisky et al, 2016;Morris et al, 2011;Caliz et al, 2018), and pose risks to human health (Polymenakou et al, 2008;Reinmuth-Selzle et al, 2017). Representing a high fraction of primary biological particles, airborne bacteria are emitted into the atmosphere from various sources, among which desert dust is a major source (Morris et al, 2011;Pöschl and Shiraiwa, 2015;Pöschl et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondust air

Hu¹,

Murata²,

Fan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Widespread bacteria are a major proportion of bioaerosols and their coexistence with dust enables both types of aerosols more active in ice cloud formation and harmful to public health. However, the abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty air have not been quantitatively investigated. We researched this subject based on the fact that airborne bacterial cells are approximately 1 μm or smaller; therefore, particle-attached bacteria should occur in aerosol samples of particles larger than 1 μm, and free-floating bacteria should occur among particles smaller than 1 μm. Our observations at a coastal site in Japan in spring, when the westerlies frequently blew dust there from the Asian continent, revealed that particle-attached bacteria in dust episodes, at the concentration of 3.2 ± 2.1 × 105 cells m−3, occupied 72 ± 9 % in the total bacteria. In contrast, the fraction was 56 ± 17 % during nondust periods and the concentration was 1.1 ± 0.7 × 105 cells m−3. The viability, defined as the ratio of viable cells to total cells, of particle-attached bacteria was 69 ± 19 % in dust episodes and 60 ± 22 % during nondust periods, both of which were considerably lower than the viabilities of free-floating bacteria (about 87 %) under either dusty or nondust conditions. The present cases suggest that dust particles carried substantial bacteria on their surfaces, more than half of which were viable, and spread these bacteria in the atmosphere. This implies that dust and bacteria have nonnegligible roles as internally mixed assemblages in various atmospheric processes and in linking geographically isolated microbial communities, as well as have synergistic effect on human health.

show abstract

Concentration and Viability of Bacterial Aerosols Associated with Weather in Asian Continental Outflow: Current Understanding

Cited by 16 publications

References 89 publications

Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondusty air

Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondusty air

Concentration and Viability of Airborne Bacteria Over the Kuroshio Extension Region in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean: Data From Three Cruises

Abundance and viability of particle-attached and free-floating bacteria in dusty and nondust air

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