Concentration and origin of arsenic species in rice cv Cambá grown in Entre Ríos (Argentina)

Quintero, César; Befani, Romina; Temporetti, C; Díaz, Edenio Olivares; Farías, Silvia; Londonio, J; Morisio, Y; Smichowski, Patricia; Servant, R.

doi:10.1201/b16767-168

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In rice, DMA(V) is present in higher concentration than monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)), and, in some cases, its concentration may exceed that of iAs (Cheyns et al., 2017 ; Maher et al., 2018 ). The scientific literature reports a great variation of DMA(V) concentrations in rice, from < 2 μg As/kg up to 957 μg As/kg as reported in husked and polished rice grains from Argentinian cultivars (Quintero et al., 2014 ). Moreover, the contribution of DMA(V) to the total arsenic content in rice grain also varies widely, with values ranging from < 10% to above 70% (Farías et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of small organoarsenic species in food

Schrenk,

Bignami,

Bodin

et al. 2024

EFS2

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The European Commission asked EFSA for a risk assessment on small organoarsenic species in food. For monomethylarsonic acid MMA(V), decreased body weight resulting from diarrhoea in rats was identified as the critical endpoint and a BMDL10 of 18.2 mg MMA(V)/kg body weight (bw) per day (equivalent to 9.7 mg As/kg bw per day) was calculated as a reference point (RP). For dimethylarsinic acid DMA(V), increased incidence in urinary bladder tumours in rats was identified as the critical endpoint. A BMDL10 of 1.1 mg DMA(V)/kg bw per day (equivalent to 0.6 mg As/kg bw per day) was calculated as an RP. For other small organoarsenic species, the toxicological data are insufficient to identify critical effects and RPs, and they could not be included in the risk assessment. For both MMA(V) and DMA(V), the toxicological database is incomplete and a margin of exposure (MOE) approach was applied for risk characterisation. The highest chronic dietary exposure to DMA(V) was estimated in ‘Toddlers’, with rice and fish meat as the main contributors across population groups. For MMA(V), the highest chronic dietary exposures were estimated for high consumers of fish meat and processed/preserved fish in ‘Infants’ and ‘Elderly’ age class, respectively. For MMA(V), an MOE of ≥ 500 was identified not to raise a health concern. For MMA(V), all MOEs were well above 500 for average and high consumers and thus do not raise a health concern. For DMA(V), an MOE of 10,000 was identified as of low health concern as it is genotoxic and carcinogenic, although the mechanisms of genotoxicity and its role in carcinogenicity of DMA(V) are not fully elucidated. For DMA(V), MOEs were below 10,000 in many cases across dietary surveys and age groups, in particular for some 95th percentile exposures. The Panel considers that this would raise a health concern.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of small organoarsenic species in food

Schrenk,

Bignami,

Bodin

et al. 2024

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Carracelas et al (2019b); reported tAs levels of 3.62 mg kg − 1 and 2.14 mg kg − 1 for two sites in the East and North regions of Uruguay. Quintero et al (2014); in soils from Entre Rios province, a rice producing region in Argentina located at west from Uruguay river, found tAs levels ranging from 1.6 to 4.1 mg kg − 1 . The results obtained in actual study are lower than worlds average of 5 mg kg − 1 (Koljonen et al, 1989) and well below Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines limit (CCME, 2019) of Arsenic in soil of 12 mg kg − 1 .…”

Section: Total and Bioavailable Arsenic In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%