Concentration and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in rice paddy soils

Kim, Leesun; Jeon, Jong Up; Son, Jiyoung; Park, Minkyu; Kim, Chul-Su; Jeon, Hwang‐Ju; Nam, Tae-Hoon; Kim, Kyeongnam; Park, Byung‐Jun; Choi, Sung-Deuk; Lee, Sungeun

doi:10.1007/s13765-017-0259-y

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Emissions of PAHs have greatly increased by the extensive industrialization in Ulsan and Pohang [5,23,24]. Contamination with PAHs in the agricultural lands surrounding these areas is highly likely to occur since many are located near roads or adjacent to industrial areas [25,26]. A previous study showed that the major contributors to PAHs in road dust in Ulsan were emissions from industrial activities and automobile exhaust [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations and distributions in rice paddy soils from Gyeonggi-do, Ulsan, and Pohang

et al. 2019

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants that are released by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials. The top soils of rice paddies were collected from Gyeonggi-do (18 sites), Ulsan (20 sites), and Pohang (19 sites) in Korea to assess the spatial distribution and potential sources of PAHs. The total concentrations of 15 PAHs in the soils were 19.53-672.93, 125.01-3106.27, and 51.94-8106.21 mg/kg in Gyeonggi province, Ulsan, and Pohang, respectively. The concentration of 7 key carcinogenic PAHs were followed the order: Pohang (38.54-4826.63 ng/g) > Ulsan (28.54-1561.39 ng/g) > Gyeonggi province (19.53-206.51 ng/g). Three-ring PAHs were predominant in the soils from Gyeonggi-do while 3-5 ring compounds were abundant in the agricultural soils from the two industrial regions (Ulsan and Pohang). The PAH isomeric diagnostic ratios indicated that PAH contamination in the two cities mainly originated from pyrogenic sources. The principal component analysis indicated that pyrogenic coal burning and residential biomass combustion were major contributors to the soil contamination in the two cities. The transportation of PAHs through the air from industrial complexes and high volume of traffic may influence the PAHs distribution in the soils of the two cities in Korea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations and distributions in rice paddy soils from Gyeonggi-do, Ulsan, and Pohang

et al. 2019

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“…Despite the limited production or the ban of PCBs since the late 1970s due to their toxic, bioaccumulative, and carcinogenic behavior, some industrial equipment containing PCBs has remained in operation [3, 4]. Large amounts of PCBs have been released into the environment, and congeners are still frequently detected in environmental media including soil [5], sediment [6], water [7], and air [8]. Given their extensive historical usage, environmental persistence, and nondegradable nature, PCBs are found in a variety of foodstuffs originating from contaminated soils worldwide [9, 10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a variety of analytical methods have been developed for the measurement of PCBs, including gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) [8], gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [5, 9, 10, 13, 17], and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) [6, 12, 18]. However, these methods were typically applied to environmental samples, such as soil [19, 20] and sediment [21, 22].…”

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confidence: 99%

Carboxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbent to Determine Eighteen Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Vegetable Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Liu

DaiFeng

Mao

et al. 2019

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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A simple, rapid, and reliable method based on dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for quantitating polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in vegetable samples. Parameters affecting both the extraction yields and cleanup efficiency, including the type and volume of extraction solvent, extraction time, type and volume of cleanup sorbent, and cleanup time, were optimized. Matrix effects were evaluated, and matrix-matched calibration was recommended. Under the optimized conditions, carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH), which exhibit excellent adsorption capabilities due to large surface area and unique structure, were employed as d-SPE sorbent to remove interfering substances, rather than the analytes, from vegetable samples. Satisfactory linear relationship was observed for all PCBs across a concentration range of 5–500 μg/kg with correlation coefficients no less than 0.9993. Four representative vegetables (cucumber, tomato, lettuce, and cabbage) were selected as matrices for method validation. Each matrix was spiked at concentrations of 5, 10, and 100 μg/kg to evaluate recoveries, which ranged from 84.5% to 116.5% with relative standard deviations (n=6) between 0.6% and 17.6%. The limits of detection and the limits of quantification ranged from 0.3 to 1.4 μg/kg and 0.8 to 4.5 μg/kg, respectively. Twelve real vegetable samples were analyzed using the proposed method. Three of the target PCBs were detected in one lettuce sample with the total concentration of 17.9 μg/kg.

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Characteristics of metal contamination in paddy soils from three industrial cities in South Korea

Cho

Park

Cho

et al. 2019

Environ Geochem Health

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Concentration and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in rice paddy soils

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations and distributions in rice paddy soils from Gyeonggi-do, Ulsan, and Pohang

Monitoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations and distributions in rice paddy soils from Gyeonggi-do, Ulsan, and Pohang

Carboxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbent to Determine Eighteen Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Vegetable Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Characteristics of metal contamination in paddy soils from three industrial cities in South Korea

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