Concentration and dispersal of aPseudo-nitzschia bloom in Penn Cove, Washington, USA

Trainer, Vera L.; Adams, Nicolaus G.; Bill, Brian D.; Anulacion, Bernadita F.; Wekell, John C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-7189(199805/08)6:3/4<113::aid-nt14>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…This vertical movement of cells through the water column may have contributed to the persistence of Pseudo-nitzschia blooms on the coast for several weeks. Pseudo-nitzschia cells sink as they become less buoyant when nutrients are depleted; however, these cells can still retain toxin even at depth (Dortch et al 1997;Trainer et al 1998). The measurement of cellular DA below the photic zone to 40 m near Point Conception demonstrates that intact, toxic cells sank to depth in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In the northsouth transect distance is measured from the southernmost station, and in the east-west transect distance is measured from the station closest to Santa Barbara (upper abscissa, right corner). , 1993Bates et al 1998), in the northern Gulf of Mexico in the early 1990s (Dortch et al 1997), on the Washington coast in 1991 (Horner and Postel 1993), in Monterey Bay in 1991 (Bird and Wright 1989), and in Puget Sound, Washington, in 1997 (Trainer et al 1998). However, river runoff may not be a factor contributing to every toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloom event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other vectors have been found to be important in the transfer of toxin to other marine mammals, especially those that feed on benthic invertebrates. Pseudo-nitzschia cells that retain significant levels of DA are known to sink to the bottom of enclosed bays (Trainer et al 1998) where filter-feeding benthic organisms could play a role in toxin transfer. Indeed, sea otters, known to feed on small benthic crustaceans, were observed to have neurological symptoms during the first 2 weeks of June in Monterey Bay and during the last 2 weeks of June in Morro Bay (F. Gulland pers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples were processed by vacuum filtration of 1 liter seawater through a Nucleopore HA filter (0.45 m pore size, 47 mm diameter) and stored at Ϫ20ЊC until analysis. Receptor binding experiments, in which cellular DA levels in seawater were determined, were performed as described in Trainer et al (1998). This method is a modification of the high throughput protocol described by Van Dolah et al (1997) using a glutamate receptor (GluR6) cloned into a viral cell line and expressed in insect cells (Taverna and Hampson 1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domoic acid production near California coastal upwelling zones, June 1998

Trainer

Adams

Bill

et al. 2000

Limnology & Oceanography

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149

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Sea lion mortalities in central California during May and June 1998 were traced to their ingestion of sardines and anchovies that had accumulated the neurotoxin domoic acid. The detection of toxin in urine, feces, and stomach contents of several sea lions represents the first proven occurrence of domoic acid transfer through the food chain to a marine mammal. The pennate diatoms, Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and P. australis, were the dominant, toxinproducing phytoplankton constituting algal blooms near Monterey Bay, Half Moon Bay, and Oceano Dunes, areas where sea lions with neurological symptoms stranded. Toxic Pseudo-nitzschia were also found near Morro Bay, Point Conception, Point Arguello, and Santa Barbara, demonstrating that these species were widespread along the central California coast in June 1998. Measurements of domoic acid during three cruises in early June showed the highest cellular toxin levels in P. multiseries near Point Año Nuevo at 6 pg cell Ϫ1 and in P. australis from Morro Bay at 78 pg cell Ϫ1 . Maximum cellular domoic acid levels were observed within 20 km of the coast between 0 and 5 m depth, although toxin was also measured to depths of 40 m. Hydrographic data indicated that the highest toxin levels and greatest numbers of toxic cells were positioned in water masses associated with upwelling zones near coastal headlands. Nutrient levels at these sites were less than those typically measured during periods of active upwelling, due to the 1998 El Niño event. The flow of cells and/or nutrients from coastal headlands into embayments where cells can multiply in a stratified environment is a possible mechanism of bloom development along the central California coast. This coupling of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia growth near upwelling zones with physical processes involved in cell transport will be understood only when long-term measurements are made at several key coastal locations, aiding in our capability to predict domoic-acid producing algal blooms.In May and June 1998, at least 70 California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) and one northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) were found stranded along the central California coast. This stranding event occurred between 15 May 1 Corresponding author (Vera.L.Trainer@noaa.gov). AcknowledgmentsWe thank the captain and the crew of the RV Ballena, RV Shana Rae, and PB Bluefin for their help during these cruises, at times under strenuous conditions. We acknowledge the following people for their help in providing useful information that directed the locations of the cruises:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Domoic acid production near California coastal upwelling zones, June 1998

Trainer

Adams

Bill

et al. 2000

Limnology & Oceanography

Self Cite

179

149

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“…The US Food and Drug Safety sets a critical limit of 20 ppm DOM in the "edible portion of raw shellfish" (Guide for the Control of Molluscan Shellfish, 2005, available at http://www.cfsan.fda.gov), which is well below the levels toxic to humans (Iverson and Truelove 1994). Detection of suprathreshold DOM accumulation in marine organisms has resulted in several instances of temporary bans on fishing of particular species or within affected geographical areas (Trainer et al 1998;Lefebvre et al 2002a;Bill et al 2006). …”

Section: Natural Sources and Synthetic Analogs Of Kainoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Macieira‐Coelho¹

2005

Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology

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Monitoring of freshwater toxins in European environmental waters by using novel multi‐detection methods

Rodríguez

Fraga-Corral

Alfonso

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Monitoring the quality of freshwater is an important issue for public health. In the context of the European project μAqua, 150 samples were collected from several waters in France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, and Turkey for 2 yr. These samples were analyzed using 2 multitoxin detection methods previously developed: a microsphere-based method coupled to flow-cytometry, and an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. The presence of microcystins, nodularin, domoic acid, cylindrospermopsin, and several analogues of anatoxin-a (ATX-a) was monitored. No traces of cylindrospermopsin or domoic acid were found in any of the environmental samples. Microcystin-LR and microcystin-RR were detected in 2 samples from Turkey and Germany. In the case of ATX-a derivatives, 75% of samples contained mainly H2 -ATX-a and small amounts of H2 -homoanatoxin-a, whereas ATX-a and homoanatoxin-a were found in only 1 sample. These results confirm the presence and wide distribution of dihydro derivatives of ATX-a toxins in European freshwaters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:645-654. © 2016 SETAC

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Concentration and dispersal of aPseudo-nitzschia bloom in Penn Cove, Washington, USA

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Domoic acid production near California coastal upwelling zones, June 1998

Domoic acid production near California coastal upwelling zones, June 1998

Developmental Biology of Neoplastic Growth

Monitoring of freshwater toxins in European environmental waters by using novel multi‐detection methods

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