Computing with dynamical systems based on insulator-metal-transition oscillators

Parihar, Abhinav; Shukla, Nikhil; Jerry, Matthew; Datta, Suman; Raychowdhury, Arijit

doi:10.1515/nanoph-2016-0144

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…f) Results of visual saliency detection of images using coupled VO 2 oscillators systems, comparison with the conventional digital implementation. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2014, Walter de Gruyter Publishing Group.…”

Section: Electrically Stimulated Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadium Dioxide: The Multistimuli Responsive Material and Its Applications

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Small

195

153

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The reversible, ultrafast, and multistimuli responsive phase transition of vanadium dioxide (VO ) makes it an intriguing "smart" material. Its crystallographic transition from the monoclinic to tetragonal phases can be triggered by diverse stimuli including optical, thermal, electrical, electrochemical, mechanical, or magnetic perturbations. Consequently, the development of high-performance smart devices based on VO grows rapidly. This review systematically summarizes VO -based emerging technologies by classifying different stimuli (inputs) with their corresponding responses (outputs) including consideration of the mechanisms at play. The potential applications of such devices are vast and include switches, memories, photodetectors, actuators, smart windows, camouflages, passive radiators, resonators, sensors, field effect transistors, magnetic refrigeration, and oscillators. Finally, the challenges of integrating VO into smart devices are discussed and future developments in this area are considered.

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Section: Electrically Stimulated Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadium Dioxide: The Multistimuli Responsive Material and Its Applications

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Small

195

153

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“…Recently, alternative classical methods to solve the Ising model have emerged using optoelectronic parametric oscillators [12][13][14] , memristor cross-bar arrays 11,15,16 , electronic oscillators 17,18 , and GPU based algorithms 19,20 . An analysis of one such coupled oscillator system revealed the potential for a significant speedup over digital computing algorithms at large node sizes 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analog Coupled Oscillator Based Weighted Ising Machine

Chou

Bramhavar

Ghosh

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

157

123

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We report on an analog computing system with coupled non-linear oscillators which is capable of solving complex combinatorial optimization problems using the weighted Ising model. The circuit is composed of a fully-connected 4-node LC oscillator network with low-cost electronic components and compatible with traditional integrated circuit technologies. We present the theoretical modeling, experimental characterization, and statistical analysis our system, demonstrating single-run ground state accuracies of 98% on randomized MAX-CUT problem sets with binary weights and 84% with 5-bit weight resolutions. Solutions are obtained within 5 oscillator cycles, and the time-to-solution has been demonstrated to scale directly with oscillator frequency. We present scaling analysis which suggests that large coupled oscillator networks may be used to solve computationally intensive problems faster and more efficiently than conventional algorithms. The proof-of-concept system presented here provides the foundation for realizing such larger scale systems using existing hardware technologies and could pave the way towards an entirely novel computing paradigm.

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“…Intrinsic randomness in nanodevices can be harnessed to do useful computational tasks, especially when the natural physics of a device map to a useful functionality, a principle sometimes expressed as "let physics do the computing" [1]. One such example is the physics of low-barrier magnets that can produce random fluctuations in magnetization which can be turned into fluctuations in resistances in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double Free-Layer Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for Probabilistic Bits

Camsari,

Torunbalci,

Borders

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Naturally random devices that exploit ambient thermal noise have recently attracted attention as hardware primitives for accelerating probabilistic computing applications. One such approach is to use a low barrier nanomagnet as the free layer of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) whose magnetic fluctuations are converted to resistance fluctuations in the presence of a stable fixed layer. Here, we propose and theoretically analyze a magnetic tunnel junction with no fixed layers but two free layers that are circularly shaped disk magnets. We use an experimentally benchmarked model that accounts for finite temperature magnetization dynamics, bias-dependent charge and spin-polarized currents as well as the dipolar coupling between the free layers. We obtain analytical results for statistical averages of fluctuations that are in good agreement with the numerical model. We find that the free layers at low dimensions fluctuate to randomize the resistance of the MTJ in an approximately bias-independent manner. We show how such MTJs can be used to build a binary stochastic neuron (or a p-bit) in hardware. Unlike earlier stochastic MTJs that need to operate at a specific bias point to produce random fluctuations, the proposed design can be random for a wide range of bias values, independent of spin-transfer-torque pinning. Moreover, in the absence of a carefully optimized stabled fixed layer, the symmetric double-free layer stack can be manufactured using present day Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM) technology by minimal changes to the fabrication process. Such devices can be used as hardware accelerators in energy-efficient computing schemes that require a large throughput of tunably random bits.

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Computing with dynamical systems based on insulator-metal-transition oscillators

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Vanadium Dioxide: The Multistimuli Responsive Material and Its Applications

Vanadium Dioxide: The Multistimuli Responsive Material and Its Applications

Analog Coupled Oscillator Based Weighted Ising Machine

Double Free-Layer Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for Probabilistic Bits

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