Computerized microscope morphometry of umbilical vessels from pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation and abnormal umbilical artery doppler

Bruch, Jean-Frédéric; Sibony, Olivier; Bénali, Karim; Challier, Jean-Claude; Blot, Philippe; Nessmann, C

doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(97)90251-3

Cited by 80 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…11,26 It is further known that the volume and pattern of flow through a developing structure influence its growth. 27 Thus, the changes in fetal hemodynamics present in all our studied subjects with IUGR may have formed the substrate for later abnormality. Matrix metalloproteinases, a large family of proteases with crucial importance for angiogenesis and adaptive arterial remodeling, 28,29 have been found to be upregulated and activated in the arterial wall in response to shear stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Impaired Vascular Growth in Late Adolescence After Intrauterine Growth Restriction

et al. 2005

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Background-Abnormal blood flow in a fetus small for gestational age indicates true fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We tested the hypothesis that IUGR with abnormal fetal blood flow is associated with long-term abnormal vascular morphology and function in adolescence. Methods and Results-In a prospective study, vascular mechanical properties of the common carotid artery (CCA), abdominal aorta , and popliteal artery (PA) were assessed by echo-tracking sonography in 21 adolescents with IUGR and abnormal fetal aortic blood flow and in 23 adolescents with normal fetal growth and normal fetal aortic blood flow. Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatation of the brachial artery was measured by high-resolution ultrasound. After adjustment for body surface area and sex, the IUGR group had significantly smaller end-diastolic vessel diameters than the referents in the abdominal aorta and PA (mean difference, 1.7 mm [95% CI, 0.62 to 2.74] and 0.6 mm [95% CI, 0.25 to 1.02], respectively) (Pϭ0.003 and Pϭ0.002, respectively), with a similar trend in the CCA (Pϭ0.09). A higher resting heart rate was observed in the IUGR group (Pϭ0.01). No differences were found in stiffness or in endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatation between the 2 groups. Conclusions-IUGR caused by placental insufficiency appears to be associated with impaired vascular growth persisting into young adulthood in both men and women. The smaller aortic dimensions and the higher resting heart rate seen in adolescents with previous IUGR may be of importance for future cardiovascular health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Impaired Vascular Growth in Late Adolescence After Intrauterine Growth Restriction

et al. 2005

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“…53,54 Reduced vessel diameter may reflect alteration in the development of the elastic wall due to flow dynamics during fetal life in the FGR child, as volume and flow through a developing vessel influence its growth. 55 Reduced diameter size may be due to increased intima media thickness of the aortic wall, as previously identified in FGR infants 41 and children born at term age. 56 We did not measure intima media thickness, but we did assess vascular compliance and distensibility.…”

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confidence: 84%

Sleep: A Window Into Autonomic Control in Children Born Preterm and Growth Restricted

Yiallourou

Wallace

Whatley

et al. 2017

Sleep

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Study Objectives: Preterm birth and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are both associated with risk of hypertension in adulthood. Mechanisms leading to this pathology are unclear. In children aged 5-12 years, who were born preterm and FGR, we used sleep as a tool to assess autonomic control with assessment of cardiovascular structure and function. Methods: Eighteen children born preterm and FGR, 15 children born preterm with appropriate birth weights for gestational age (AGA), and 20 AGA term-born children were studied. Children underwent overnight polysomnography with the addition of continuous noninvasive blood pressure (Finometer™). Spectral measures of heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV), and baroreflex sensitivity were assessed and overnight urinary catecholamine levels measured. Echocardiographic studies (Vivid7, GE Healthcare) were performed and vascular compliance assessed (Miller Instruments™). Statistical comparisons were adjusted for age and body size. Results: Compared to term children, preterm AGA children had increased high frequency HRV (p < .05) and BPV (p < .05) during sleep, reflecting increased parasympathetic activation and blood pressure changes related to respiration. Preterm FGR children had smaller left ventricular lengths, ascending aorta, and left ventricular outflow tract diameter (p < .05 for all) and vascular compliance was positively correlated with gestational age (r 2 = 0.93, p < .05). Conclusions: FGR combined with preterm birth did not alter autonomic control but altered heart structure in children. In contrast, preterm birth alone altered autonomic control but had no change in heart structure. These changes in children born preterm and FGR may contribute, in part, to increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life but by different mechanisms.

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“…Recently, our group and others have reported that an altered morphology of the umbilical cord in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, intrapartum complications and altered umbilical vein blood flow [5][6][7][8] . Moreover, the presence of a lean umbilical cord in the second half of pregnancy puts the fetus at increased risk of being small-for-gestational age and of having signs of distress at delivery 5,9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, the presence of a lean umbilical cord in the second half of pregnancy puts the fetus at increased risk of being small-for-gestational age and of having signs of distress at delivery 5,9,10 . This seems to be the consequence of a reduced amount of Wharton's jelly 7,11 a normal constituent of the umbilical cord which plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal architecture of the umbilical cord and in regulating the blood flow from the placenta to the fetus 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First‐trimester sonographic umbilical cord diameter and the growth of the human embryo

Ghezzi

Raio

Naro

et al. 2001

Ultrasound in Obstet & Gyne

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Computerized microscope morphometry of umbilical vessels from pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation and abnormal umbilical artery doppler

Cited by 80 publications

References 22 publications

Impaired Vascular Growth in Late Adolescence After Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Impaired Vascular Growth in Late Adolescence After Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Sleep: A Window Into Autonomic Control in Children Born Preterm and Growth Restricted

First‐trimester sonographic umbilical cord diameter and the growth of the human embryo

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