Computer Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Image Manifestations of Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Cell Carcinomas

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to investigate the manifestation of CT, MRI and dynamic enhanced scans for primary hepatic neuroendocrine cell carcinoma. Methods: CT or MRI arterial and venous phase scan images of 19 cases of pathologically confirmed PHNEC were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 14 cases (73.68%) with single lesion, 5 cases (26.3%) with multiple lesions, with an average diameter of 13.2 cm. Some 12 cases (63.16%) showed inhomogeneous enhancement, seven cases (36.8%) showed homogeneous enhancement, 13 cases (68.4%) demonstrated significant enhancement in the arterial phase, 13 cases (68.4%) had significantly enhanced portal venous phase including 7 cases (36.8 %) with portal venous phase density or signal above the arterial phase and 5 cases (26.3%) with the portal vein density or signal below the arterial phase. Seven cases (36.8%) had continued strengthened separate shadows in the center of the lesion. Thrombosis were not seen in portal veins. Conclusion: CT and MRI images of liver cell neuroendocrine carcinoma have certain characteristics that can provide valuable information for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Comparative Clinical Analysis of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinomas with Liver Metastasis and Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

“…This discrepancy may be explained by the small number of cases in our study or an increase in the incidence of PHNECs in men. In the primary group, a single nodule was located in the right lobe of the liver, while mostly multiple nodules were located in both lobes of the liver in the metastatic group, which is in accordance with previous reports [ 26 , 27 ]. Surgical resection is still the first choice for the treatment of PHNECs.…”

Three-in-one incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocellular carcinoma, and neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report

“…Moreover, the enhancement was “fast in and slow out”. The lesions in the arterial phase showed rosette and patchy enhancement, while those in the portal vein phase showed centripetal enhancement, and those in the delayed phase showed equal or slightly high-density and no enhancement in the necrotic area[ 13 , 14 ]. This was different from the rich blood supply and “fast in and fast out” enhancement of typical HCC.…”

Coexistence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Tumor: Case Series and Literature Review

“…CT revealed that PHNET can be singular or multiple, with or without necrosis and hemorrhage. The enhancement is characterized by a "fast forward and fast out" enhancement pattern or marginal ring-like enhancements [15]. As for magnetic resonance, PHNETs generally demonstrated hypo intensity on T1WI and hyper intensity on T2WI with a "fast forward and fast out" enhancement pattern [16].…”