Computer-simulation models of scoria cone degradation

Hooper, D. M.; Sheridan, M. F.

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(98)00031-6

Cited by 107 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the past decade an increasing number of scientific works have addressed research questions about scoria cone degradation. Various approaches have been suggested to define and measure volcanic cone dimensions [10,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. These methods advocate measuring cone morphometric parameters to generate discrimination diagrams, as well as using volcanic slope angles as a key physical parameter to indicate typical erosion paths and relative erosional trends over time for scoria cones (on a scale of up to millions of years).…”

Section: Proposed Geositementioning

confidence: 99%

Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Moufti

Németh²,

Murcia

et al. 2013

Open Geosciences

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UNESCO promotes geoconservation through various programs intended to establish an inventory of geologically and geomorphologically significant features worldwide that can serve as an important database to understand the Earth's global geoheritage. An ultimate goal of such projects globally is to establish geoparks that represent an integrated network of knowledge transfer opportunities, based on a specific array of geological and geomorphological sites able to graphically demonstrate how the Earth works to the general public. In these complex geoconservation and geoeducational programs, the identification of significant geological and geomorphological features is very important. These are commonly referred to as 'geosites' or 'geomorphosites', depending on whether the feature or processes the site demonstrates is more geological or geomorphological, respectively. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an extraordinary place due to its arid climate and therefore perfect exposures of rock formations. The Kingdom is also home to extensive volcanic fields, named "harrats" in Arabic, referring particularly to the black, basaltic lava fields that dominate the desert landscape. Current efforts to increase awareness of the importance of these volcanic fields in the geological landscape of Arabia culminated in the first proposal to incorporate the superbly exposed volcanic features into an integrated geoconservation and geoeducation program that will hopefully lead to the development of a geopark named, "The Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark" [1].Here we describe one of the extraordinary features of the proposed Harrat Al Madinah Volcanic Geopark, namely a steep lava spatter cone formed during a historical eruption in 1256 AD. Keywords

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Section: Proposed Geositementioning

confidence: 99%

Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Moufti

Németh²,

Murcia

et al. 2013

Open Geosciences

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“…The standard definition of these parameters is based on measurements derived from topographic maps. In Hooper and Sheridan (1998) cone width is calculated as the average of the maximum and minimum basal diameters for each cone and cone height is defined as the difference between average basal elevation and maximum crater rim or summit elevation. The methodology adopted to measure the morphometric parameters over topographic maps is similar to that introduced by Wood (1980a) and summarized by Hooper (1995).…”

Section: Topographic Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evolution of cinder cones erosion might be associated to the period of time of exposure to degradation processes. The progressive change of morphometric parameters with increasing of age is the basis for relative dating of cones by comparative measurements (Wood, 1980a;Hooper and Sheridan, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric and morphological development of Holocene cinder cones: A field and remote sensing study in the Tolbachik volcanic field, Kamchatka

Inbar

Gilichinsky²,

Мелекесцев

et al. 2011

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The evolution of landscape over time is a central aspect of geological, paleogeographical and geomorphological studies. Volcanic features like cinder cones offer the opportunity to monitor the processes and development of the landscape. Cinder cones are perhaps the simplest and most common volcanic landforms in the world. Morphological and morphometric study of cinder cones has proven an efficient tool for determining their relative dates, and the erosional processes affecting them. The extensive Kamchatka volcanic province (Russian Far East), with its large Tolbachik cinder cone field, is an excellent case study for spatial and temporal classification and calibration of changes in morphometric values with time. We show how the morphological and morphometric values of the monogenetic cinder cones, measured in the field and by digital elevation models, can be used to validate their age and erosional processes. Field data were GPS measurements of cinder cones formed at the Tolbachik 1975-1976 eruption and of Holocene cinder cones; erosion processes on the cinder cones and lava flows were identified and evaluated. For every studied cinder cone morphometric parameters were assessed on the basis of remotely sensed data and digital elevation model. Morphometric measurements were taken of cone height and slope and average axis diameter and the height-width ratio was obtained. The comparison of morphometric parameters calculated from ASTER DEM and topographic map clearly supports the concept of relative morphometric dating as the most recent cinder cones are always associated with the highest slopes and h/W ratio. The measured morphometric values of the recent Tolbachik cinder cones are valuable benchmark data for determining erosion rates, such as the measured values for the Paricutin cone in Mexico after the 1943 eruption. The variability of the morphometric values of the recent cinder cones is due to their lithological coarse composition. A comparison with the older cinder cones in the area shows that the climatic conditions of the Kamchatka peninsula and the slow development of vegetation cover determine a high rate of erosion and rapid change in the morphometric values, as compared to published values for other volcanic fields.

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“…Table 4. Comparison of morphometric parameters in the Bajawa complex with those of cones in the San Francisco Volcanic Field (Hooper and Sheridan, 1998) n, number of cones; Hco/Wco, cone height/cone basal diameter; Save, average slope angle. Each parameter is listed with one standard deviation (±1σ).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Petrological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degradational evolution of these cones can be correlated to the length of time that they have been exposed to erosion. The progressive decrease in cone height (H co ), cone height/width ratio (H co /W co ), and slope angle with increasing age is the basis for a relative dating of cones by comparative measurements (Wood, 1980b;Hooper and Sheridan, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric age and petrological characteristics of volcanic rocks from the Bajawa Cinder Cone Complex, Flores, Indonesia

Sucipta

Takashima

Muraoka

2006

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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The Bajawa Cinder Cone Complex consists of at least 78 cinder cones, which can be grouped into five morphometric ages. The oldest group, Bajawa 01, is dated between 0.53 and 0.73 Ma. The groups Bajawa 02, 03, and 04 have an age range from 0.41 Ma to 0.51 Ma, 0.32 Ma to 0.40 Ma, and 0.22 Ma to 0.31 Ma, respectively; the youngest cinder cone group, Bajawa 05, is aged between 0 and 0.20 Ma.Three batches of magma have contributed to the long eruptive episode of the complex. Magma mixing and fractional crystallization were important processes in differentiation. Magma mixing may have been caused by recharge of a mafic contributor to form a mixed magma in a temperature range of 836 °C 978 °C and at a pressure of less than 1.25 kbar before eruption.

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Computer-simulation models of scoria cone degradation

Cited by 107 publications

References 42 publications

Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Geosite of a steep lava spatter cone of the 1256 AD, Al Madinah eruption, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Morphometric and morphological development of Holocene cinder cones: A field and remote sensing study in the Tolbachik volcanic field, Kamchatka

Morphometric age and petrological characteristics of volcanic rocks from the Bajawa Cinder Cone Complex, Flores, Indonesia

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