Computer modeling study of ethanol and aldheyde reactivities in Rio de Janeiro urban air

Martins, Eduardo Monteiro; Arbilla, Graciela

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(03)00081-5

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The air inlet was located 5 m above ground level. The atmospheric air samplings at the Center site were collected during summer (January 29-February 14) and winter (July [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]2002). The sampling system was placed 3.0 meters above ground level and 2.5 meters far from the nearest street.…”

Section: Sampling Of Aldehydesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Another reason for the increase in interest is that ethanol is produced from different types of biomass, mainly sugar cane in Brazil, making it a renewable fuel that limits the discharge of fossil carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) which most probably contributes to the global climate changes. 15 Published aldehyde measurements in the urban atmosphere in Brazil have been limited to the largest Brazilian centers like Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Salvador and Porto Alegre [7][8][9][10][11][16][17][18][19] and data for rural areas are even scarcer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of rural and urban atmospheric aldehydes in Londrina, Brazil

Pinto¹,

Solci²

2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Os níveis ambientais de formaldeído e acetaldeído foram medidos em três locais na cidade de Londrina: na estação central de ônibus urbano, no centro (perfis diurno e noturno) e em área rural, no verão e inverno de 2002. Os aldeídos foram coletados em cartuchos Sep-Pak revestidos com 2,4-DNPH e analisados por CLAE/AFD. Na estação central as razões de mistura de formaldeído e acetaldeído, estiveram, respectivamente, na faixa de 6,17 a 10,43 ppbv e 0,49 a 2,12 ppbv. No centro, durante o verão, os níveis do formaldeído variaram de 2,07 a 5,65 ppbv e do acetaldeído variaram de 1,05 a 5,06 ppbv. Durante o inverno, as concentrações diurnas de formaldeído e acetaldeído foram mais elevadas do que as noturnas. As razões de mistura do formaldeído e acetaldeído variaram de 3,24 a 9,46 ppbv e 2,81 a 10,83 ppbv, respectivamente. Na área rural as razões de mistura de formaldeído e acetaldeído variaram de 0,64 a 1,41 ppbv e 0,10 a 0,87 ppbv, respectivamente. As razões de acetaldeído/formaldeído foram comparadas com valores obtidos em outras cidades brasileiras.Ambiental levels of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were measured at three sites in the city of Londrina: at the central bus station, downtown (night and day profiles) and in a rural area, during the summer and winter seasons of 2002. Atmospheric aldehydes were collected using C18 Sep-Pak cartridges coated with 2,4-DNPH and analyzed by HPLC-DAD. At the central bus station, the measured mixing atios for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde ranged, respectively, from 6.17 to 10.43 ppbv and from 0.49 to 2.12 ppbv. Downtown, during the summer, formaldehyde levels ranged from 2.07 to 5.65 ppbv, and acetaldehyde levels ranged from 1.05 to 5.06 ppbv. During the winter, the daytime concentrations for formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were higher than nighttime levels. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde mixing ratios ranged from 3.24 to 9.46 ppbv and from 2.81 to 10.83 ppbv, respectively. At the rural site, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde mixing ratios ranged from 0.64 to 1.41 ppbv and from 0.10 to 0.87 ppbv, respectively. The acetaldehyde/formaldehyde ratios were compared with values from other Brazilian cities.

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Section: Sampling Of Aldehydesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of rural and urban atmospheric aldehydes in Londrina, Brazil

Pinto¹,

Solci²

2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…By-products from fuel combustion influence the formation of smog components. For example, the photochemical reaction between NO x and O 3 produces nitrate that reacts with acetaldehyde to form nitric acid and a peroxyl-free radical (Nguyen et al 2001;Martins & Arbilla 2003). This has led to a significant decline in air quality and it is very common to observe a photochemical smog over the whole metropolitan area (Daisey et al 1987;Miguel 1991;Azevedo et al 1999;Smith et al 2004).…”

Section: Background To the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Automobiles that use ''gasohol'' produce less carbon monoxide and volatile organic compound emissions compared to diesel (Howard et al 1997;Schifter et al 2001a, b). However, atmospheric NO x and aldehyde concentrations are increased and higher acetaldehyde : formaldehyde ratios have been recorded (Nguyen et al 2001;Grosjean et al 2002;Martins & Arbilla 2003). Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde concentrations influence the formation of other smog components such as nitric acid, which is a component of acid rain (de Andrade et al 1998).…”

Section: Oxalatementioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Distribution and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals and Oxalate in Street Sediments from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Preliminary Investigation

McAlister

Smith

Neto³

et al. 2005

Environ Geochem Health

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As urbanisation accelerates within less-economically developed countries, populations in cities such as Rio de Janeiro are subject to numerous health risks relating to "heavy metal", sewage and vehicle pollution. These risks apply especially to children, through inhalation and dermal contact with pollutant-rich street sediments that reflect contamination from atmospheric deposition and act as effective sinks for heavy metals and oxalates. To assess the nature and extent of these risks street sediments were collected from industrial, commercial, residential and recreational areas with varying traffic densities within Rio de Janeiro. A modified selective extraction procedure was used to study the geochemical partitioning and bioavailability of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and C(2)O(4) (-). Oxalate partitioning has not been studied by traditional sequential methods and results from this procedure highlight the potential bioavailability of both oxalates and "heavy metals", especially Pb and C(2)O(4) (-) in industrial and recreational areas.

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“…A more detailed description of the physical and chemical aspects of the model are given in our earlier works. [3][4][5] The modeled ozone levels for the landfill were compared to the ozone levels for Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area (RJMA), region in which the landfill is inserted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%