“…A variety of techniques such as adaptive meshing and director renormalization has been attempted to address this issue. 9 In this work, we demonstrate the existence of an invariant manifold in these systems and develop an approximation that harnesses the separation of scale to obtain equations that describe the reorientation dynamics of liquid crystals away from the defects. This is achieved by treating the elastic and electrostatic free energy contributions as a perturbation to the thermotropic free energy, resulting in equations of motion that are non-stiff.…”
We review different modeling and computational methods to determine the Q-tensor representation of the director field alignment in the absence of defects. Under this condition it is possible to represent the reorientation dynamics of the director field as the motion of the Q-tensor over an invariant manifold. This new representation allows us to develop very accurate codes for the alignment that are orders of magnitude faster than an equivalent full Q-tensor code. We illustrate this principle by discussing the case of a pure liquid crystal with or without flow and the case of a liquid crystal doped with fixed metallic nano-inclusions.
“…A variety of techniques such as adaptive meshing and director renormalization has been attempted to address this issue. 9 In this work, we demonstrate the existence of an invariant manifold in these systems and develop an approximation that harnesses the separation of scale to obtain equations that describe the reorientation dynamics of liquid crystals away from the defects. This is achieved by treating the elastic and electrostatic free energy contributions as a perturbation to the thermotropic free energy, resulting in equations of motion that are non-stiff.…”
We review different modeling and computational methods to determine the Q-tensor representation of the director field alignment in the absence of defects. Under this condition it is possible to represent the reorientation dynamics of the director field as the motion of the Q-tensor over an invariant manifold. This new representation allows us to develop very accurate codes for the alignment that are orders of magnitude faster than an equivalent full Q-tensor code. We illustrate this principle by discussing the case of a pure liquid crystal with or without flow and the case of a liquid crystal doped with fixed metallic nano-inclusions.
“…A contribution of the present paper to similar ones regarding liquid crystals and exploiting similar features or methods, e.g. [12,11,10], is the use of a systemic mesh adaptivity approach on three-dimensional unstructured tetrahedral meshes based on isotropic metrics.…”
Section: Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes and Mesh Adaptivitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finite elements were used in [9,10], but without a truly systemic mesh adaptivity approach. The latter was employed in [11], with an empirical mesh estimator, upgrading the one used in a refining method [12] on a special symmetric case.…”
International audienceThis paper presents a 3D mesh adaptivity strategy on unstructured tetrahedral meshes by a posteriori error estimates based on metrics derived from the Hessian of a solution. The study is made on the case of a nonlinear finite element minimization scheme for the Landau–de Gennes free energy functional of nematic liquid crystals. Newton's iteration for tensor fields is employed with steepest descent method possibly stepping in
“…Thick slow switching times, which can niques may be suitable to decreas using the formation of a polymer increases the voltage required for of liquid crystals lie between 0.1 a The design on the lenses for a pa into account the range of values av Surface relief microlenses ha of around 15 µm, and for the resul tive index of the lens is between th values. The lens aberrations were be reduced by careful design of th ract the distortions due to the liqu modelling of the liquid crystal str zation [7]. Similarly the lenses for terned electrodes and fringing fiel index profile in the liquid crystal c Very careful control of the liquid order to obtain a variable focal le suited to systems for which the l Another microlens system that ha which has layering in the struc-…”
Liquid Crystals have large electro-optic coef them suitable materials for a number of elem This paper considers some of the issues re ments, including the polarization modulation tion that can be obtained with liquid crystal the resolution that can be achieved using liqu particular the use of ferroelectric liquid crys be discussed.
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