Computer-enhanced totally endoscopic sequential arterial coronary artery bypass

Totally endoscopic sequential arterial coronary artery bypass grafting on the beating heart

“…The rate of conversion to another minimally invasive or standard approach is still approximately 30%. The main obstacle in TECAB on the beating heart is the stabilization of the target site and the resulting difficulty in suturing the anastomosis on the beating heart (3,5).…”

Multi–Detector Row CT versus Coronary Angiography: Preoperative Evaluation before Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

“…TECAB is a new method for coronary artery bypass grafting, which can be used in selected patients to achieve single or double arterial bypass grafting with internal thoracic arteries (1,3,17). Intrathoracic orientation and identification of the target vessel are more challenging than they are in open procedures.…”

“…The cardiac course of each coronary artery was assessed by distinguishing a possible epicardial or intramural course of the prevailing arterial segment, according to specifications of the AHA (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

“…Robot consists of three swivel arms, one carrying the camera and two holding the surgical instruments. Perioperative monitoring is provided by the anesthesiologist (3). Though most of all TECAB procedures are performed with assistance of a heart-lung machine (4), the latest technical developments also render possible the performance of procedures on the beating heart.…”

Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass graft: initial experience with an additional instrument arm and an advanced camera system

“…The operative technique for sequential totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB) on the arrested heart has been described by our group elsewhere [5]. With this procedure, the fourth arm again was used for pericardiotomy and performance of the anastomosis.…”