Computer-Controlled OGTT

Belfiore, Francesco; Volpicelli, Giovanni; Iannello, Silvia; Campione, Rosa

doi:10.1159/000422659

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…38 Our results are consistent with the previous work which demonstrates that higher blood glucose levels can inhibit pyruvate kinase, glucokinase and phosphofructokinase. 10,39 Furthermore, Shearer et al 40 revealed elevated plasma level of citrate in a mouse model of diet-induced insulin resistance, and suggested that inherent differences either between animal species or between the diabetic models used might contribute to the changes in the level of citrate. Interestingly, we also observed an elevation in citrate levels 72 h after STZ administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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1H NMR-based Metabonomic Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

et al. 2010

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Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, and ketosis. 1 The World Health Organization estimates that by the year 2030, there will be 366 million diabetics worldwide.2 This epidemic is also expected to trigger a steep rise in diabetic complications, such as cardiomyopathy, encephalopathy, and nephropathy. Type 1 diabetes is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. 3 The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model is a model of type 1 diabetes associated with a marked decrease in insulin levels, exhibiting metabolic characteristic similar to type 1 diabetes in humans. 4 As a systemic metabolic disease, diabetes mellitus affects multiple organs and tissues throughout the body. 5 In diabetic rats, due to limited glucose utilization, glucokinase activity is essentially lacking in the liver, 6 while glucose transport 7,8 and some key enzymes, including hexokinase, 9 phosphofructokinase, 9 and pyruvate kinase, 10 are reduced in the muscle and multiple organs. Furthermore, the impairment of insulin function augments lipolysis and the release of free fatty acids (FFA) from adipose tissue. 11 The alteration of glucose metabolism facilitates profound disturbances in lipid, amino acid and energy metabolism. Previous work has indicated a pronounced increase of energy expenditure and protein breakdown in type 1 diabetic patients, and also shown that insulin treatment can reduce these processes. 12However, the metabolic profiles involved in the pathological processes of diabetes remain to be addressed.NMR-based metabonomics is a novel approach for rapidly identifying the changes in global metabolite profiles of biological samples and is widely used in disease 13 and biochemical studies.14 Due to its usefulness in evaluating systemic responses to any subtle metabolic perturbation, metabonomics has been used for the diagnosis and evaluation of diabetic patients, 15 and for the identification of potential biomarkers. 16,17 Mäkinen et al. has demonstrated that metabonomic analysis is a highly sensitive and specific approach for diagnosing diabetic nephropathy.18 Additionally, they also developed an effective metabonomic protocol for identificating of a "polydiagnostic metabolite manifold of type 1 diabetes", which allows for the translation of metabolic disturbances tangible, clinical presentations. 19 Recently, Zhang et al. reported a 1 H NMR-based metabonomic analysis of the metabolic changes in urine samples from type 1 diabetic rats induced by STZ, and identified several alterations in metabolic pathways. 20 The integration of metabolic data derived from serum, urine and related tissues could provide a systemic approach for the study of metabolic profiles associated with diabetes and facilitate a detailed examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease.In the present work, we performed NMR-based metabonomic analysis on urine, serum, and liver tissue extracts obtained from STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats. We sought to determine (i) if we could define the...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and pyruvate kinase, 10 are reduced in the muscle and multiple organs. Furthermore, the impairment of insulin function augments lipolysis and the release of free fatty acids (FFA) from adipose tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

1H NMR-based Metabonomic Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

et al. 2010

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“…In men, in addition to BMI and waist circumference, insulin resistance, insulin secretion ability (as shown by C-peptide levels and HOMA-B) [ 26 ], and triglyceride levels increased as thigh circumference increased. A similar trend was evident in women ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Thigh and Waist Circumference, Hemoglobin Glycation Index, and Carotid Plaque in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2020

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Background: This study investigated the relationships of thigh and waist circumference with the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This observational study included 3,075 Korean patients with type 2 diabetes, in whom anthropometric measurements and carotid ultrasonography were conducted. HGI was defined as the measured hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level minus the predicted HbA1c level, which was calculated using the linear relationship between HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels. Carotid atherosclerosis was defined as a clearly isolated focal plaque or focal wall thickening >50% of the surrounding intima-media thickness. Results: The frequency of a positive HGI decreased with increasing thigh circumference in men and increased with increasing waist circumference in women after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Thigh and waist circumference had a combined augmentative effect on the likelihood of positive HGI, which was dramatically higher in patients in higher waist-to-thigh ratio quartiles (adjusted odds ratios for the highest compared to the lowest quartile: 1.595 in men and 1.570 in women). Additionally, the larger the thigh circumference, the lower the risk of carotid atherosclerosis, although in women, this relationship lacked significance after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusion: HGI was associated with thigh circumference in men and waist circumference in women. In addition, the combination of low thigh circumference and high waist circumference was strongly associated with a higher HGI in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. In particular, thigh circumference was associated with carotid atherosclerosis in men. However, further longitudinal studies are warranted.

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“…Insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index [ 27 ] and the insulin sensitivity index of blood free fatty acids [ 28 ] as well as the dynamic insulin sensitivity index by Belfiore. [ 29 ] We also assessed the hepatic insulin clearance according to the established formula. [ 30 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Insoluble Cereal Fibre on Body Fat Distribution in the Optimal Fibre Trial

Kabisch

Honsek

Kemper

et al. 2021

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope The Optimal Fibre Trial (OptiFiT) investigates metabolic effects of insoluble cereal fibre in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), showing moderate glycemic and anti‐inflammatory benefits, especially in subjects with an obesity‐related phenotype. An OptiFiT sub‐group is analysed for effects on body fat distribution. Methods and results 180 participants with IGT receive a blinded, randomized supplementation with insoluble cereal fibre or placebo for 2 years. Once a year, all subjects undergo fasting blood sampling, oral glucose tolerance test, and anthropometric measurements. A subgroup (n=47) also received magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy for quantification of adipose tissue distribution and liver fat content. We compared MR, metabolic and inflammatory outcomes between fibre and placebo group metabolism and inflammation. Visceral and non‐visceral fat, fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and uric acid decrease only in the fibre group, mirroring effects of the entire cohort. However, after adjustment for weight loss, there are no significant between‐group differences. There is a statistical trend for fibre‐driven liver fat reduction in subjects with confirmed non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; n = 19). Conclusions Data and evidence on beneficial effects of insoluble cereal fibre on visceral and hepatic fatstorage is limited, but warrants further research. Targeted trials are required.

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Computer-Controlled OGTT

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

1H NMR-based Metabonomic Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

1H NMR-based Metabonomic Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Relationships between Thigh and Waist Circumference, Hemoglobin Glycation Index, and Carotid Plaque in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Effects of Insoluble Cereal Fibre on Body Fat Distribution in the Optimal Fibre Trial

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