Computer Analysis of Mechanical Activity of Gastroduodenal Junction in Unanaesthetized Dogs

Ehrlein, H. J.; Hiesinger, E.

doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1982.sp002611

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…After adding mannitol (2025 g), glucose (2025 g), casein hydrolysate (15-67 g), or oleic acid (4 5 ml = 4 005 g) the total volume was 300 ml; a volume of 200 ml was used as the test meal. The osmolarity (mosmol/kg), molarity (mmol/l) and digestible energy load (kJ/l) (Ehrlein & Hiesinger, 1982). The mean frequency of contractions was estimated from the number of contractions during the recording period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Factors Regulating Gastric Emptying of Viscous Nutrient Meals in Dogs

1984

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SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms controlling gastric emptying of viscous meals. In four conscious dogs the antral, pyloric and duodenal activities were recorded with strain-gauge transducers and induction coils during gastric evacuation of an inert cellulose meal and of four nutrient meals containing mannitol, casein, glucose or oleic acid. Gastric emptying and the internal pyloric and duodenal diameters were measured from radiographs. The nutrients delayed gastric emptying and diminished to a various extent the antral and duodenal motility as well as the pyloric opening. The motility gradient between antral and duodenal activity showed no relationship to the emptying delay. The duodenal lumen was reduced and the propulsive contractions of the duodenum decreased while the segmental activity increased. The findings suggest that gastric emptying is controlled by (1) the depth of the antral waves, (2) the pyloric opening, (3) the receptive relaxation of the duodenum and (4) the type of the duodenal contractions. By contrast the sequence of the terminal antral contraction and the pyloric closure, as well as the co-ordination between pyloric and duodenal contractions, played no important role in regulating gastric emptying.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Factors Regulating Gastric Emptying of Viscous Nutrient Meals in Dogs

1984

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“…The amplitudes, the rate of progression and the duration (the time from the beginning to the end of the contraction) of the monophasic progressive contractions and of the low-frequency rises of the base line were analysed visually from the recordings, whereas the high-frequency repetitive contractions of the proximal colon and the monophasic contractions of the distal colon were analysed by means of a computer. The method of computer analysis has previously been described in detail (Ehrlein & Hiesinger, 1982). The amplitudes of contractions, the contraction time (the time from the beginning to the maximum of the contraction) and the contractile intervals (periods elapsing between the beginning of two successive contractions) were evaluated by various computer programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonic motility and transit of digesta during hard and soft faeces formation in rabbits.

Ehrlein¹,

Reich²,

Schwinger³

1983

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Rabbits produce hard and soft faeces in a circadian rhythm. This study was undertaken in order to examine the motor function of the colon in relation to the formation of these two types of faeces.2. Colonic motility was measured in unanaesthetized rabbits using strain-gauge transducers and simultaneous radiography.3. Three types of contractions were found in the rabbit proximal colon: haustral activity, segmental activity, and mass peristalsis. Distinctly different motor patterns were observed during the formation of hard and soft faeces.4. When hard faeces were produced, the motor activity of the proximal colon was enhanced. It consisted ofsegmental and haustral activity. The segmental contractions separated the digesta into faecal pellets and forced them slowly aborad, whereas the movements of the haustra carried the liquid contents back towards the caecum.5. When soft faeces were produced haustral and segmental activity was reduced and transfer of the digesta through the proximal colon was accelerated by mass movements.6. In contrast to the proximal colon, the motility of the distal colon was enhanced during the formation of soft faeces and decreased during the production ofhard faeces.7. The results support the concept that hard faeces are chiefly produced by a separation of liquids and solids and by a retrograde transfer of liquid digesta rather than by an increased absorption of water.

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“…The duration of the high frequency repetitive contractions was analysed by a computer (Ehrlein & Hiesinger, 1982). The duration of the base line fluctuations and the duration and rate ofpropagation of the monophasic progressive contractions were evaluated visually from the tracings in the chronic experiments.…”

Section: Analysis Of Motor Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Significance of the Contractions of the Rabbit Proximal Colon

1982

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SUMMARYIn humans and in carnivores the motor activity of the colon was separated into various types based on records of the intraluminal pressure. However, little is actually known about the physiological significance of the various pressure waves. The aim of the present investigation was to clarify the basic pattern of colonic motility in a herbivorous species. Motility of the proximal colon was studied by strain gauge transducer records combined either with fluoroscopy or by direct visual observation in conscious and anaesthetized rabbits. In the proximal colon three types of contractions were found: (1) high frequency repetitive contractions, (2) low frequency rises of the base line, and (3) monophasic progressive waves. The frequency of the repetitive contractions was 13 8 contractions/min at the oral site and 16 3 contractions/min at the aboral site of the proximal colon. The mean duration of the repetitive contractions was 3 2 + 1 s. They coincided with orally migrating (1-2 mm/s) shallow annular constrictions which represented haustral activity. The low frequency rises of the base line (mean duration 131 + 47 s) were associated with aborally migrating (7 mm/min) deep annular constrictions representing segmental activity. The monophasic progressive waves represented peristaltic contractions. The mean durations of the monophasic waves were 55 + 1 2 s (period of hard faeces formation), and 9 7+2 8 s (period of soft faeces formation), the average rates of progression were 3 2 + 1 2 cm/s (period of hard faeces production), and 1 3 + 0 6 cm/s (period of soft faeces production). The results proved that the colonic motility ofrabbits consisted ofa complex motor pattern. The present classification was similar but not identical with that described in carnivores and man. Further comparative studies on other mammals are necessary to decide whether the motor activity of the colon is comparable between various species.

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Computer Analysis of Mechanical Activity of Gastroduodenal Junction in Unanaesthetized Dogs

Cited by 44 publications

References 19 publications

Mechanical Factors Regulating Gastric Emptying of Viscous Nutrient Meals in Dogs

Mechanical Factors Regulating Gastric Emptying of Viscous Nutrient Meals in Dogs

Colonic motility and transit of digesta during hard and soft faeces formation in rabbits.

Physiological Significance of the Contractions of the Rabbit Proximal Colon

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