Computer-Aided Power System Analysis

Congestion management based roulette wheel simulation for optimal capacity selection: Probabilistic transmission expansion planning

“…That is, the transmission capacities should be such that it can withstand a reasonable level of overloading without affecting system stability and security. In contingency states, overloading of transmission lines for short-term emergency rating can be tolerated by a factor of 1.1-2 from the nominal rating, and for long-term emergency rating the value of factor can be from 1.05 to 1.8 [23]. These levels of overloading can be handled for 15-30 min by the safety instruments and load shedding strategies.…”

Investigation of P–V and V–Q based optimization methods for voltage and reactive power analysis

“…It is due to the fact that the system operator usually has to manage its reactive power resources for a specified active power dispatch obtained from the active power market. Moreover, literatures [16,17] show that distributed slack bus model gives a better model for the response of the generators to the active power imbalances (here active power losses). Thus, no assumption is made a priori about the slack bus being unique or distributed.…”

On the inter-area optimal voltage and reactive power control

“…Moreover, literatures [18,19] show that distributed slack bus model gives a better model for the response of the generators to the active power imbalances (here active power losses). Thus, no assumption is made a priori about the slack bus being unique or distributed.…”