“…Cucurbitu [n]rils (CBn, n = 5-8) are a family of macrocyclic hosts synthesized through the condensation of affordable starting materials (Barrow et al, 2015;Lin et al, 2020). Their versatile properties offer a wide range of potential applications, including reactivity modulation (Lee et al, 2013;Moorthy et al, 2022;Moorthy et al, 2023), drug delivery (Walker et al, 2011), environmental monitoring (Chio et al, 2022), explosive detection (Chio et al, 2019) and biosensing (Chio et al, 2020;Chio et al, 2021;Davison et al, 2023). Notably, CB7 and CB8, are both water-soluble (with a solubility of >20 mM for CB7 and <0.1 mM for CB8, depending on the preparation method) and highly biocompatible, demonstrate promising applicability in aqueous-based scenarios, such as biological systems (Uhlenheuer et al, 2010) and electrochemical investigations (Boulas et al, 1998;Jeon et al, 2002;Gadde et al, 2009;Luo et al, 2019).…”