Computed tomography with Hounsfield unit assessment is useful in the diagnosis of liver lobe torsion in pet rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>)

Daggett, Alexis; Loeber, Samantha; A, Le Roux; Beaufrère, Hugues; Doss, Grayson A.

doi:10.1111/vru.12939

Cited by 8 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…In a previous study from our hospital, CT was found to be highly sensitive and specific for LLT in rabbits and required only injectable sedation to perform. Computed tomography required similar or even less time than abdominal ultrasound to reach a diagnosis 23 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computed tomography required similar or even less time than abdominal ultrasound to reach a diagnosis. 23 A critical finding from the cadaver study that was importance of close proximity of the paracostal incision to the rib cage. A linear dorsoventral incision limited cranial exposure of the caudate liver lobe, whereas a curvilinear incision along the ventral edge of the ribs maximized exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the stomach is commonly distended in rabbits with LLT secondary to GI stasis, and a ventral midline approach requires prolonged retraction of the stomach to access the hilus of the liver lobe. Given that the vast majority of rabbit LLTs occur in the caudate lobe, and the fact that computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) are highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing LLT, careful preoperative planning may allow for a less invasive approach to liver lobectomy in rabbits 23 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that the vast majority of rabbit LLTs occur in the caudate lobe, and the fact that computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) are highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing LLT, careful preoperative planning may allow for a less invasive approach to liver lobectomy in rabbits. 23 The purpose of this study was to describe a novel right paracostal approach for caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits. The second purpose was to compare clinically relevant data between rabbits undergoing caudate liver lobectomy via a right paracostal approach versus a traditional ventral midline approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in the rabbit

et al. 2022

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Objective To describe the paracostal approach to caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits and compare the outcome of paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits with caudate liver lobe torsion (LLT). Study design Cadaveric and retrospective study. Animals Normal rabbit cadavers (n = 5) and rabbits with caudate LLT (n = 22). Methods Cadavers – a right paracostal or ventral midline approach was made. Accessibility of the caudate liver lobe and relationship to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were assessed. Clinical LLT cases – 9 cases were treated via the paracostal approach and 13 were treated via the ventral midline approach. Medical records (January, 2018 to October, 2021) were reviewed. Anesthesia and surgical times, mortality rate, and relevant clinical data were compared between groups. Results In cadavers, caudate liver lobectomy was feasible through a paracostal approach without retraction of the GI tract. In clinical cases, there was no difference in anesthesia time (P = 0.1397) or surgical time (P = 0.9462) between groups. All rabbits that underwent paracostal approach survived to discharge. Mortality was lower (P = .053) and postoperative time until eating was shorter (P = .0238) for patients undergoing paracostal approach. Conclusion Rabbits experienced lower mortality and shorter time until eating when treated through a right paracostal approach compared to the ventral midline approach. The paracostal approach resulted in minimal to no manipulation of the GI tract. Clinical significance A right paracostal approach for caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits provides good exposure while avoiding GI tract manipulation. This approach may result in improved survival and earlier eating in rabbits with caudate LLT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in the rabbit

et al. 2022

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“…Clinicopathologic findings commonly show anaemia together with hepatic enzyme elevation and azotaemia 15 . Abdominal ultrasonography and, more recently, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CECT) are sensitive diagnostic imaging modalities for this condition 14,15 . Improved survival appears to be associated with medical stabilisation followed by surgical management 12,13,15,17,23–26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective analysis of liver lobe torsion in pet rabbits: 40 cases (2016–2021)

Sheen¹,

Vella²,

Hung³

2022

Veterinary Record

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Background: Liver lobe torsion (LLT) in rabbits can be under-recognised and potentially fatal. The clinical features of cases presented to an exotic animal veterinary service in Australia were retrospectively reviewed. Method: Medical records of confirmed rabbit LLT cases between 2016 and 2021 were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs and findings, diagnostic imaging results, management strategies and outcomes. Variables of interest were analysed for statistical association with outcome. Results: A total of 40 rabbits were included. The mean presenting age was 56.2 months (SD 30.5). Neutered males (23/40, 57.5%) were over-represented. Common clinical signs and findings included reduced appetite (40/40, 100%), lethargy (32/40, 80.0%), reduced faecal production (16/40, 40.0%), a doughy distended stomach (20/40, 50.0%), pale mucous membranes (19/40, 47.5%) and hypothermia (17/40, 42.5%). Anaemia and elevated plasma alanine aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen were common clinicopathologic findings. Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 34 of 40 rabbits, confirming the presence and position of LLT (34/34, 100%), stenosis of the caudal vena cava or portal system (28/34, 82.4%) and increased free peritoneal fluid (29/34, 85.3%). Fifteen (15/40, 37.5%) rabbits were medically managed, and surgical intervention was performed in 23 of 40 (57.5%) rabbits. Overall, 30 of 40 (75.0%) rabbits survived. Surgical intervention did not confer a significant difference in outcome compared to medical management (odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.15-4.10, p = 0.761). Conclusion:CT can be an invaluable diagnostic modality for rabbit LLT. Favourable outcomes can be achieved in selected cases with medical management alone.

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Advanced Imaging of Small Mammals

von Stade,

Sadar

2024

Advances in Small Animal Care

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Computed tomography with Hounsfield unit assessment is useful in the diagnosis of liver lobe torsion in pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in the rabbit

Paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in the rabbit

Retrospective analysis of liver lobe torsion in pet rabbits: 40 cases (2016–2021)

Advanced Imaging of Small Mammals

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