Computed Tomography: Physical Principles, Instrumentation, and Quality Control

<p>La tomografía computarizada (CT) es una técnica de escaneo no invasivo ampliamente aplicada en sectores como la medicina, la industria y la geología. Esta técnica permite la reconstrucción tridimensional de la estructura interna de un objeto que es iluminado con una fuente de rayos-X. La reconstrucción se forma con imágenes bidimensionales de cortes transversales del objeto. Cada corte se obtiene a partir de las medidas de fenómenos físicos como la atenuación, la dispersión y la difracción de los rayos-X, como resultado de la interacción con el objeto. En general, la adquisición de las medidas se realiza con métodos basados en alguno de estos fenómenos y empleando diversas arquitecturas clasificadas en generaciones. Por otro lado, en respuesta a la necesidad de simular sistemas de adquisición para CT se ha desarrollado software dedicado a esta tarea. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar el estado actual de las técnicas de CT, para esto, se presenta una revisión de los métodos, las distintas arquitecturas usadas para la adquisición y algunas de sus aplicaciones. Adicionalmente, se presentan los resultados de simulaciones realizadas. Las principales contribuciones de este trabajo son la descripción detallada de los métodos de adquisición y la presentación de las posibles tendencias de la técnica en general. </p>

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“…Desventaja: requiere un nivel mucho más alto en el proceso de reconstrucción, con respecto a las demás generaciones. (Seeram, 2008).…”

Section: Generación Esquema Característicasunclassified

Tomografía computarizada: proceso de adquisición, tecnología y estado actual

Mendoza

Melgarejo

Argüello

2016

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“…There is evidence in the medical literature that simple denoising operations can significantly improve the quality of CT images [45,87]. Mouton et al [76] have thus evaluated the efficacy of several popular denoising techniques when applied to low-quality, baggage-CT imagery.…”

Section: Denoisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of automated image understanding within 3D baggage computed tomography security screening

Mouton

Breckon

2015

XST

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(2015) 'A review of automated image understanding within 3D baggage computed tomography security screening.', Journal of X-ray science and technology., 23 (5). pp. 531-555. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/XST-150508Publisher's copyright statement:Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. We discuss the recent and most pertinent advancements and identify topics for future research within the challenging automated image understanding for baggage security screening CT.

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“…Subsequently, we selected distinct areas of lesion using the scale of Hounsfield to assess the degree of attenuation of the image [8,12]. After the selection of the areas, there was the demarcation of three regions of interest (ROIs) in the dysplastic and contralateral normal bone ( Fig.…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia can be difficult when using only conventional radiographic techniques [4]. Computed tomography (CT) appears as a relevant resource among the imaging techniques applied to the complex maxillofacial surgery [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrous Dysplasia Characterization Using Lacunarity Analysis

et al. 2015

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Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a developmental anomaly in which the normal medullary space of the affected bone is replaced by fibro-osseous tissue. This condition is typically encountered in adolescents and young adults. It affects the maxillofacial region and it can often cause severe deformity and asymmetry. Therefore, accurate diagnosis is critical to determine the appropriate treatment of each case. In this sense, computed tomography (CT) is a relevant resource among the imaging techniques for correct diagnosis of this condition. Thus, in this paper, we propose to analyze fibrous dysplasia through its texture pattern. To accomplish this task, we propose to use lacunarity analysis, a multiscale method for describing patterns of spatial dispersion. Results indicated lower lacunarity values for fibrous dysplasia in comparison to normal bone samples, an indication that their texture images are more homogeneous, and a high separability between the classes when using principal component analysis (PCA) and decision trees for statistical analysis.

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Computed Tomography: Physical Principles, Instrumentation, and Quality Control

Cited by 112 publications

References 1 publication

Tomografía computarizada: proceso de adquisición, tecnología y estado actual

Tomografía computarizada: proceso de adquisición, tecnología y estado actual

A review of automated image understanding within 3D baggage computed tomography security screening

Fibrous Dysplasia Characterization Using Lacunarity Analysis

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