Computed Tomography of Trauma Involving Brain and Facial Skull (Craniofacial Injuries)

Claussen, Claus D.; Lohkamp, F.; Krastel, A

doi:10.1097/00004728-197710000-00014

Cited by 26 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Second, human TBI is reported to lead to hippocampal and fornix volume reductions (Bigler et al, 1997;Tate and Bigler, 2000), suggesting hippocampal damage as seen in this and other rat TBI models (Lowenstein et al, 1992;Toth et al, 1997). Third, severe head injuries in humans can lead to lesions and fluid-filled cavities such as observed in this model (Claussen et al, 1977;Koo and LaRoque, 1977;Yang et al, 1997;Asikainen et al, 1999;Pierallini et al, 2000). Although numerous differences between rat and human brains preclude a precise correspondence regarding impact force, the relative extent of cortical and hippocampal injury after TBI, and subsequent epileptogenesis, our findings of persistent MFSR and seizure susceptibility in rat DG after TBI Figure 9.…”

Section: Weight-drop Tbi As a Model Of Severe Human Head Injurymentioning

confidence: 61%

Physiological and Structural Evidence for Hippocampal Involvement in Persistent Seizure Susceptibility after Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2001

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Epilepsy is a common outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the mechanisms of posttraumatic epileptogenesis are poorly understood. One clue is the occurrence of selective hippocampal cell death after fluid-percussion TBI in rats, consistent with the reported reduction of hippocampal volume bilaterally in humans after TBI and resembling hippocampal sclerosis, a hallmark of temporal-lobe epilepsy. Other features of temporal-lobe epilepsy, such as long-term seizure susceptibility, persistent hyperexcitability in the dentate gyrus (DG), and mossy fiber synaptic reorganization, however, have not been examined after TBI. To determine whether TBI induces these changes, we used a well studied model of TBI by weight drop on somatosensory cortex in adult rats. First, we confirmed an early and selective cell loss in the hilus of the DG and area CA3 of hippocampus, ipsilateral to the impact. Second, we found persistently enhanced susceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions 15 weeks after TBI. Third, by applying GABA(A) antagonists during field-potential and optical recordings in hippocampal slices 3 and 15 weeks after TBI, we unmasked a persistent, abnormal APV-sensitive hyperexcitability that was bilateral and localized to the granule cell and molecular layers of the DG. Finally, using Timm histochemistry, we detected progressive sprouting of mossy fibers into the inner molecular layers of the DG bilaterally 2-27 weeks after TBI. These findings are consistent with the development of posttraumatic epilepsy in an animal model of impact head injury, showing a striking similarity to the enduring behavioral, functional, and structural alterations associated with temporal-lobe epilepsy.

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Section: Weight-drop Tbi As a Model Of Severe Human Head Injurymentioning

confidence: 61%

Physiological and Structural Evidence for Hippocampal Involvement in Persistent Seizure Susceptibility after Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2001

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“…Facial bone fractures can be highly complex and are usually best demonstrated with CT or tomographic examination (Claussen et al, 1977).…”

Section: Facial Bone Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroradiologic evaluation of craniocerebral trauma

Ramsey

Scheer-Williams

1987

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Value and limits of computer‐assisted tomography

Schindler

Reck²

1980

Head Neck

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Three years ago, at the VIIth International Congress of Radiology in Otorhinolaryngology, held in Copenhagen, the early impressive results of computer-assisted tomography (CAT) in otorhinolaryngology were presented. Since considerable technologic and diagnostic progress of CAT has taken place in the meantime, questions about the increase in CAT's value and the expansion of its limits are appropriate now. Computed and, in some cases, conventional tomograms of facial lesions are used in the discussion of these questions. There is no doubt of CAT's advance within the last few years; there are, however, limits of CAT to be emphasized: (a) coronal CAT might be uncomfortable (especially if the gantry cannot be tilted), unsuccessful (e.g., in cases of neck stiffness), and even dangerous (when head injury is combined with trauma to the cervical spine); (b) enhancement is often not useful (except when intracranial tumor invasion is suspected); (c) specific diagnosis, based on CAT findings only, is impossible in most cases; (d) the radiation dose, which increases with improvement in the quality of the image, must be considered in each case; and (e) CAT does not replace conventional x-ray techniques, least of all polytomography.

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Computed Tomography of Trauma Involving Brain and Facial Skull (Craniofacial Injuries)

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological and Structural Evidence for Hippocampal Involvement in Persistent Seizure Susceptibility after Traumatic Brain Injury

Physiological and Structural Evidence for Hippocampal Involvement in Persistent Seizure Susceptibility after Traumatic Brain Injury

Neuroradiologic evaluation of craniocerebral trauma

Value and limits of computer‐assisted tomography

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