Computed Tomography of the Lung

Rosenblum, Lawrence; Mauceri, R; Wellenstein, David E.; Bassano, Daniel A.; Cohen, William N.; Heitzman, E. Robert

doi:10.1148/129.2.521

Cited by 67 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Several thresholds have been published to differentiate normal lung tissue from emphysematous lung tissue (15, 16, 19, 20). In a recent paper using MDCT and a standard RA, Madani et al (16) reported the strongest correlation between the CT and pathology with thresholds of -950 HU and -970 HU.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction Algorithms Influence the Follow-Up Variability in the Longitudinal CT Emphysema Index Measurements

et al. 2011

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ObjectiveWe wanted to compare the variability in the longitudinal emphysema index (EI) measurements that were computed with standard and high resolution (HR) reconstruction algorithms (RAs).Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of 475 patients who underwent CT for surveillance of lung nodules. From this cohort, 50 patients (28 male) were included in the study. For these patients, the baseline and follow-up scans were acquired on the same multidetector CT scanner and using the same acquisition protocol. The CT scans were reconstructed with HR and standard RAs. We determined the difference in the EI between CT1 and CT2 for the HR and standard RAs, and we compared the variance of these differences.ResultsThe mean of the variation of the total lung volume was 0.14 L (standard deviation [SD] = 0.13 L) for the standard RA and 0.16 L (SD = 0.15 L) for the HR RA. These differences were not significant. For the standard RA, the mean variation was 0.13% (SD = 0.44%) for EI -970 and 0.4% (SD = 0.88%) for EI -950; for the HR RA, the mean variation was 1.9% (SD = 2.2%) for EI -970 and 3.6% (SD = 3.7%) for EI -950. These differences were significant.ConclusionUsing an HR RA appears to increase the variability of the CT measurements of the EI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction Algorithms Influence the Follow-Up Variability in the Longitudinal CT Emphysema Index Measurements

et al. 2011

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“…3 15.1 in the pulmonary congestion group, -370. 6 14.0 in the interstitial edema group, and -349.2 27.4 in the alveolar edema group.…”

Section: Clinical Study Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Estimation of pulmonary water distribution and pulmonary congestion by computed tomography.

et al. 1982

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SUMMARYComputed tomography (CT) of the lung in normal subjects and patients with congestive heart failure was performed in the supine position with deep inspiration to obtain pulmonary CT values and images. The mean CT value in normal subjects was higher in the posterior than anterior lung field, presumably because blood vessels were more dilated in the former than the latter due to the effects of gravity. The mean pulmonary CT value in patients with congestive heart failure was significantly increased possibly due to an increase in blood flow per unit lung volume arising from either pulmonary congestion or pulmonary interstitial and alveolar edema.The mean pulmonary CT value increased parallel to the severity of pulmonary congestion, interstitial or alveolar edema and was well correlated with the pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, indicating that such a correlation was a valuable tool in assessing therapeutic effects.The results of the present study indicate that pulmonary CT is useful for the noninvasive estimation of intrapulmonary water content and its distribution, thereby providing an effective diagnostic clue to various conditions in congestive heart failure.Additional Indexing Words: Congestive heart failure Pulmonary CT value Pulmonary CT image Pulmonary edema OUTINE chest roentgenography plays an important role in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure, providing excellent qualitative but minimal quantitative evidence of pulmonary congestion. Computed tomography (CT) can be used to quantitatively estimate the water content of lung tissue based on the X-ray attenuation coefficient (CT value) per unit vol-

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“…in detecting early changes and local variations of emphysema (9,10,15,17,20), and it has shown good correlation with pathology specimens for assessing the degree of emphysema (7,12,18). However, CT cannot provide information on lung tissue microstructure and cannot readily distinguish between ventilated and nonventilated lung regions.…”

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confidence: 99%

In vivo lung morphometry with hyperpolarized³He diffusion MRI in canines with induced emphysema: disease progression and comparison with computed tomography

Tanoli

Woods

Conradi

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Despite a long history of development, diagnostic tools for in vivo regional assessment of lungs in patients with pulmonary emphysema are not yet readily available. Recently, a new imaging technique, in vivo lung morphometry, was introduced by our group. This technique is based on MRI measurements of diffusion of hyperpolarized 3 He gas in lung air spaces and provides quantitative in vivo tomographic information on lung microstructure at the level of the acinar airways. Compared with standard diffusivity measurements that strongly depend on pulse sequence parameters (mainly diffusion time), our approach evaluates a "hard number," the average acinar airway radius. For healthy dogs, we find here a mean acinar airway radius of ~0.3 mm compared with 0.36 mm in healthy humans. The purpose of the present study is the application of this technique for quantification of emphysema progression in dogs with experimentally induced disease. The diffusivity measurements and resulting acinar airway geometrical characteristics were correlated with the local lung density and local lung-specific air volume calculated from quantitative computed tomography data obtained on the same dogs. The results establish an important association between the two modalities. The observed sensitivity of our method to emphysema progression suggests that this technique has potential for the diagnosis of emphysema and tracking of disease progression or improvement via a pharmaceutical intervention. Keywords hyperpolarized gases; magnetic resonance imaging; diffusionPulmonary emphysema, which is defined as "a condition of the lung characterized by abnormal, permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls, without fibrosis" (23), is a major medical problem worldwide. There are several conventional methods of diagnosing and evaluating emphysema: pulmonary function tests, chest radiography, and computed tomography (CT). These methods in general provide a gross assessment of the degree of emphysema and are used for qualitative, clinical applications. Pulmonary function tests are reportedly insensitive to early, mild changes of emphysema (24); the same is true for conventional chest radiography (25). CT is more sensitive

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Computed Tomography of the Lung

Cited by 67 publications

References 3 publications

Reconstruction Algorithms Influence the Follow-Up Variability in the Longitudinal CT Emphysema Index Measurements

Reconstruction Algorithms Influence the Follow-Up Variability in the Longitudinal CT Emphysema Index Measurements

Estimation of pulmonary water distribution and pulmonary congestion by computed tomography.

In vivo lung morphometry with hyperpolarized³He diffusion MRI in canines with induced emphysema: disease progression and comparison with computed tomography

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Computed Tomography of the Lung

Cited by 67 publications

References 3 publications

Reconstruction Algorithms Influence the Follow-Up Variability in the Longitudinal CT Emphysema Index Measurements

Reconstruction Algorithms Influence the Follow-Up Variability in the Longitudinal CT Emphysema Index Measurements

Estimation of pulmonary water distribution and pulmonary congestion by computed tomography.

In vivo lung morphometry with hyperpolarized3He diffusion MRI in canines with induced emphysema: disease progression and comparison with computed tomography

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In vivo lung morphometry with hyperpolarized³He diffusion MRI in canines with induced emphysema: disease progression and comparison with computed tomography