Computed tomography findings in fatal cases of enormous hepatic portal venous gas

Chan, Shun‐Hsiang; Wan, Yung‐Liang; Cheung, Yun‐Chung; Ng, Shu‐Hang; Wong, Alex Mun-Ching; Ng, Koon-Kwan

doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i19.2953

Cited by 39 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Most human patients suffer from concurrent underlying diseases which predispose them to the development of HPVG, including chronic renal disease, hypertension, immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, recent gastrointestinal surgery, alcoholism, and ischaemic heart disease (Chan et al . 2005). Iatrogenic causes include blunt abdominal trauma (Stuijvenberg et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though uncommon, it should be considered in people presenting to the emergency room with signs of acute abdomen as this condition has historically carried a high mortality rate in humans (Chan et al . 2005). The first published case in an adult patient was identified in 1960 (Susman & Senturia 1960), in a patient who suffered from gas embolization of the portal venous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pneumatosis of the intestines, colon and liver in a young cat

Hutchinson

Tart

Anderson

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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To describe a case of naturally occurring pneumatosis intestinalis, pneumatosis coli and emphysematous hepatitis in a cat. A 9‐month‐old, indoors‐only, female spayed, domestic medium hair cat presented for vomiting, open‐mouth breathing and acute collapse. The initial physical examination identified moderate to severe hypothermia [35°C (95°F)], obtunded mentation, weak femoral pulses, tachycardia (heart rate 240 beats per min), pale pink mucous membranes and significant splenomegaly on abdominal palpation. Immediate diagnostics performed [packed cell volume and total solids (PCV, TS), venous blood gas and electrolytes] revealed severe anaemia (PCV 12%), hypoproteinaemia (TS = 2.2 g/dl), and severe metabolic acidosis (pH 6.956). Additional diagnostics performed included Feline Leukaemia Virus and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus testing (FeLV/FIV), complete blood count (CBC) with pathology review, serum biochemistry profile, prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT), urinalysis, and abdominal radiographs. Abdominal radiographs were consistent with gas within hepatic and splenic veins and parenchyma, small intestinal walls and colonic wall. Due to the guarded prognosis, euthanasia was elected. Necropsy was performed and the most significant gross and histopathological findings included intra‐luminal and intra‐mural intestinal haemorrhage and vascular congestion with mild neutrophilic hepatitis, and marked hepatic periportal emphysema. Clostridium perfrigens and Escherichia coli were cultured from the bowel wall; no bacterial growth from the liver or spleen was identified. This case report describes idiopathic emphysematous hepatitis, with concurrent emphysema of the spleen and intestinal wall and intestinal haemorrhage. To the authors’ knowledge, this type of pathology in a feline patient has not been previously described.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumatosis of the intestines, colon and liver in a young cat

Hutchinson

Tart

Anderson

et al. 2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…1) or within the intrahepatic portal vein. 2,4,14,15 In our review, we identified patients with PI or PVG or both, and feel that they likely represent different phases of the same pathophysiology. This paper addresses PI of any portion of the GI tract and PVG with the expectation that we can better describe the clinical spectrum of this condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Algorithm for Pneumatosis Intestinalis and Portal Venous Gas: Treatment and Outcome of 88 Consecutive Cases

Wayne

Ough

et al. 2010

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

154

219

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“…The most commonly used diagnostic modality is a CT scan, which is extremely sensitive [14,15]. Endoscopy can be used to confirm air in the lamina propria of the tissue, as well as to rule out the non-gangrenous causes of pneumatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumatosis of the esophagus and intestines with portal venous air: a rare presentation

Muhammad

Sadough

King

et al. 2017

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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Pneumatosis intestinalis is a radiographic finding that represents a spectrum of conditions ranging from benign disease to abdominal sepsis and death. Along with portal venous gas, it is generally considered an ominous sign prompting emergency operative intervention. We report a rare case showing that nonoperative therapy can be considered in a seriously ill patient with esophageal, gastric and portal venous air.

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Computed tomography findings in fatal cases of enormous hepatic portal venous gas

Abstract: HPVG is a diagnostic clue in patients with acute abdominal conditions, and CT is the most specific diagnostic tool for its evaluation. The dry mesenteric veins are the suggestive fatal sign, especially for the deteriorating patients, with the direct effect on gastrointestinal perfusion.

Cited by 39 publications

References 8 publications

Pneumatosis of the intestines, colon and liver in a young cat

Pneumatosis of the intestines, colon and liver in a young cat

Management Algorithm for Pneumatosis Intestinalis and Portal Venous Gas: Treatment and Outcome of 88 Consecutive Cases

Pneumatosis of the esophagus and intestines with portal venous air: a rare presentation

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