Computed Tomography–Based Body Composition in Patients With Ovarian Cancer: Association With Chemotoxicity and Prognosis

Abstract

PurposeTo assess the association between computed tomography (CT)-derived quantitative measures of body composition profiling and chemotherapy-related complications, in terms of dose reduction, premature discontinuation of chemotherapy, and cycle delays in patients with ovarian cancer. Secondary purposes were to evaluate associations between sarcopenia and survival, and to evaluate differences in body composition profiling at baseline and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Materials and MethodsThe study population was retrospectively selected from a database of patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer (any stage) referred to our Institution between Feb 2011 and Mar 2020. Clinical data were recorded, and CT images at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra were stored. By using specific software, skeletal muscle area (SMA), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and skeletal muscle density (SMD) were extracted. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was then calculated. Statistical analysis was performed by logistic regression models to identify body composition features predictive of dose reduction, premature end of chemotherapy, and cycle delays. Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to assess overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The log-rank test was used to determine differences in OS and PFS between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients. Wilcoxon test was performed to compare body composition features before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).ResultsSixty-nine patients were included. A significant association was found between VAT and cycle delays (OR = 1.01, z = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02, p < 0.05), between SMA and early discontinuation of chemotherapy (OR = 1.03, z = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.00–1.05, p < 0.05), and between mean SMD and cycle delays (OR = 0.92, z = −2.70, 95%CI: 0.87–0.98, p < 0.01). No significant difference emerged for OS in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients, nor in CT body composition features before and after NACT.ConclusionsIn ovarian cancer patients, CT-derived body composition profiling might predict the risk of chemotoxicity. In particular, VAT and SMD are associated with chemotherapy cycle delays, and SMA with early discontinuation of chemotherapy.

The Evaluation Value of CT in the Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Patients

“…The results of this research showed that the effect of the RECIST 1.1 evaluation method was indistinguishable from the CRS grading system in the evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, indicating that the effect of CT examination evaluation was basically the same as that of pathological examination evaluation, which had a certain practicality. It was consistent with relevant research results [ 19 , 20 ]. In the CT examination results, there were differences in lymphadenectasis, degree of peritoneal thickening, ascites, and maximum length diameter of the mass and were compared between the patients before and after chemotherapy.…”

Body composition as a predictor of chemotherapy-related toxicity in ovarian cancer patients: A systematic review

“…The initial search yielded 812 articles, all in English. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 full-text articles were included in this systematic review (17,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Details about the literature search results are reported in Figure 1.…”

CT-Derived Body Composition Values and Complications After Pneumonectomy in Lung Cancer Patients: Time for a Sex-Related Analysis?

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