Computed tomography assessment of body composition in patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer: what are the best prognostic markers?

Abstract

Objective: To correlate body composition measures, based on computed tomography (CT) analysis of muscle mass and adipose tissue, with disease-free survival in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 262 female patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Body composition was assessed on a pretreatment CT scan (at the L3 level). The analysis included quantification of the areas of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and skeletal muscle mass, as well as of the mean skeletal muscle density. The VAT/SAT ratio, skeletal mass index (SMI), and skeletal muscle gauge (SMG) were calculated. Results: Of the 262 patients evaluated, 175 (66.8%) were classified as overweight or obese on the basis of their body mass index. We observed low SMI in 35 patients (13.4%) and elevated VAT in 123 (46.9%). Disease-free survival was significantly shorter in the patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.044), in those with a low SMI (p = 0.006), in those with low SMG (p = 0.013), and in those with a low VAT/SAT ratio (p = 0.050). In a multivariate analysis, only SMG, the VAT/SAT ratio, and having undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy retained their statistical significance. Conclusion: Our results confirm that low SMG and the VAT/SAT ratio can be used as imaging biomarkers to assess prognosis in patients with nonmetastatic breast cancer.

Análise geral do diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico do câncer de mama no Brasil: Uma revisão sistemática

“…Para auxiliar no processo de diagnóstico da doença, existem os marcadores tumorais, que são substâncias produzidas por tecidos neoplásicos e não neoplásicos, que podem ser avaliados de forma quantitativa e/ou qualitativa, por diversos métodos. Estes são de grande importância para detecção precoce do tumor, pois, alguns marcadores tumorais conseguem avaliar a lesão inicial, quando ela ainda está com 03 mm de diâmetro (Pestana et al, 2023;Oliveira Júnior et al, 2022).…”