Computed tomographic and ultrasonographic findings of abdominal arterial pseudoaneurysms caused by systemic mycosis in dogs

Abstract

Objectives: To describe multidetector CT and ultrasonographic characteristics of abdominal arterial pseudoaneurysms (segmental dilatations of an artery with a ruptured tunica intima) arising secondary to systemic mycosis in dogs. Materials and MethOds: Retrospective study on dogs with confirmed histological diagnosis of a fungal pseudoaneurysm and the availability of multidetector CT or ultrasound images. results: At the time of admission, the three dogs included in this study demonstrated segmental arterial dilation, irregular arterial wall thickening, and increased echogenicity or attenuation within the local perivascular fat on ultrasound and multidetector CT images. Follow-up examinations revealed progressive increase in arterial wall thickening and saccular dilation with formation of a pseudoaneurysm in affected vessels of two dogs. clinical significance: Multidetector CT and ultrasonography can be useful imaging modalities in the diagnosis and monitoring of abdominal arterial pseudoaneurysms caused by systemic mycosis.

Vertebral fracture due to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae osteomyelitis in a weaner

“…The use of ribosomal RNA gene amplification and sequencing has been applied efficaciously for microbial diagnostics for many years in our laboratory [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. These include several clinical cases and the use of embedded material of a paraffin block as successfully done in the present report confirming the potential of the approach for retrospective analyses.…”

What Is Your Diagnosis?

“…A pseudoaneurysm is distinguished from a true aneurysm in that, whereas an aneurysm is a permanent segmental dilation of a weakened artery involving the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia, a pseudoaneurysm involves only the tunica intima and potentially the tunica media. 5 In people, certain bacterial infections, including Staphylococcus spp, Streptocioccus spp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli spp, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Mycobacterium spp, predispose patients to arterial pseudoaneurysm formation. 1,5 Although infectious pseudoaneurysm is common in people suffering from bacterial infections, pseudoaneurysm formation resulting from a mycotic infection is rare.…”

“…5 In people, certain bacterial infections, including Staphylococcus spp, Streptocioccus spp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli spp, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp, and Mycobacterium spp, predispose patients to arterial pseudoaneurysm formation. 1,5 Although infectious pseudoaneurysm is common in people suffering from bacterial infections, pseudoaneurysm formation resulting from a mycotic infection is rare. 1 In people, pseudoaneurysm formation has been documented in the femoral artery in a patient infected with Candida albicans and in a case of Aspergillus endocarditis.…”

“…The abdominal aorta, cranial mesenteric arteries, and external iliac arteries are common sites of pseudoaneurysm formation, similar to the case reported here. 5,6 Mycotic pseudoaneurysms are typically reported to form in arteries that are adjacent to the focus of infection or are considered to be due to direct invasion of the vessel wall due to intraluminal foci of septic emboli. 1 In this case, however, the aortic pseudoaneurysm was noted at a site distant to the cutaneous lesions.…”

“…4 Computed tomography angiography and ultrasonography are currently the imaging modalities of choice for the imaging of arterial pseudoaneurysm. 5 In early stages, pseudoaneurysms are reported to manifest on ultrasonography as a thickened and irregular wall, with a hypoechoic halo surrounding. 5 Hyperechoic fat can also be seen surrounding affected arteries, which is suggested to be due to perivascular steatitis.…”