“…Commonly used methods for studying the morphology of the avian air sac system are dissection (Cover, 1953;Duncker, 1971;Gilbert, 1939), casting (Casteleyn et al, 2010(Casteleyn et al, , 2018Demirkan et al, 2006;King & Atherton, 1970;Ragab & Reem, 2016;Taylor et al, 1962), plastination (Kobienia, 2008), diagnostic imaging (Faillace et al, 2021;Krautwald-Junghanns et al, 1993;Krautwald-Junghanns, Schuhmacher, & Sohn, 1998;Malka et al, 2009;Schwarz et al, 2016) or the combination of these methodologies (Krautwald-Junghanns, Valerius, et al, 1998;Petnehazy et al, 2012). Of these, dissection and casting processes can alter the appearance of the air-filled cavities.…”