Computed solid phases limiting the concentration of dissolved constituents in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington. Geochemical modeling and nuclide/rock/groundwater interaction studies

Deutsch, William J.; Jenne, E.A.; Krupka, Kenneth M.

doi:10.2172/5057161

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(46 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Two Na-silicate-bicarbonate solutions were prepared (Table 2); one with Ca that best approximated Hanford Reservation ground-water chemistry, and the second without Ca in order to work with a simpler system (Pennsylvania State University, Materials Research Laboratory solutions E-19 and E-20). The initial pH of these solutions was adjusted to 9.8 to correspond to near surface values of basalt ground waters (Deutsch et aL, 1982). Slurries having a 25:1 water to solid ratio were loaded into gold capsules, cold-seal crimped, and placed in autoclaves at 150 ~ or 250~ and 300 bars pressure for 1 to 6 months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Layer Charge and Kinetics of Experimental Smectite Alteration

Howard

1985

Clays and clay miner.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract--Sodium-saturated Wyoming bentonite was hydrothermally reacted at 150 ~ and 250~ for 30 to 180 days to determine smectite alteration rates that might be applied to nuclear-waste repository design. Na-Ca solutions deficient in K were used to determine the role of interlayer cations in the creation of high layer-charge in the smectites. The results provide insight into the mechanism and timing of various steps in the diagenetic alteration of smectite to illite. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses of the reacted clay showed little effect on the character of the 17-/~ reflection even after 180 days at 250~ Potassium saturation of these reacted clays and re-examination by XRD indicated collapse of some smectite layers, leaving at most only 60% expandable layers. The development of layer charge sufficient to cause collapse on saturation with a low hydration energy exchange-cation does not require K in the reacting fluid. Rate constants for the illitization reactions as determined by K-saturated collapse are between 1.0 x 10 -3 and 2.8 x 10-3/day with activation energies <3.5 kcal/mole. Ca in a Na-silicatebicarbonate solution slightly reduced the illitizafion rate constants. These rate constants are higher than expected from extrapolation of studies of beidellite-composition glasses at higher temperatures, but lower than values obtained in studies of natural clays in artificial sea water. The release of Si, A1, and Mg in the 150~ experiments suggests congruent dissolution of the smectite. In contrast, at 250~ the release of A1 was not stoichiometric with Si; as little as one half of the relative available Si was released. Rather than different mechanisms for dissolution at the two temperatures, the conclusion is that noncrystalline Al-rich phases formed at greater rates at higher temperatures. The cation-exchange capacities for several of these reacted smectites were significantly less than expected, suggesting a clogging of interlayer sites, perhaps by Al-complexes.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Layer Charge and Kinetics of Experimental Smectite Alteration

Howard

1985

Clays and clay miner.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Results were substantial!) in agree ment with those of Deutsch, Jenne, andKrupka (1982a, 1982b). Data for groundwaters from four deep -vellf (DC 15, DC6, DB15 and DC 14) were used.…”

Section: Geochemkal Model Calculations Related To High-level Waste Rementioning

confidence: 89%

Environmental Sciences Division annual progress report for period ending September 30, 1983

1984

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aquatic ecology activities reported include results from the growing projects on reservoir and stream studies and on Legionnaires' Disease Bacterium. Also included are the final results from the two long-term projects on ana'ysis and modeling of aquatic populations and ecosystems and on toxicant formation in condenser cooling systems.Research in the Environmental Resources Section included regional pattern analysis, large waterway regional analyses, regional analysis of likely impacts of coal production and use in the Western Kentucky area, regional wildlife habitat analysis, acidic deposition, and evaluation of potential conflicts between mineral deposits and renewable resources in the conterminous United States. Modeling studies included ecosystem risk analysis, the study of aggregation problems in ecology, and work on positive feedback in natural systems. Environmetrics emphasized organization, management, and reporting for several large data sets used for examining the effects of by-products of synthetic fuel manufacture on various biota; reporting lower Mississippi River impacts studied by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; reporting gasiikr research data from the University of Minnesota; studying global carbon issues; and correlating information in the Orwnlnoy Hata base with country-wide issues. Research park activities emphasized characterization of Oak Ridge Reservation communities, habitat studies for wildlife oi. an interagency basis, management of softwood plantations, and management and research on reservation wildlife populations.Earth Sciences research efforts included nonnuclear solid waste technology, an outreach activity involving liner evaluation for disposal of uranium mill tailings, and stuuies of sediment and contaminants in the New York Bight. The solid waste activity emphasized the evaluation of procedures to remove organics from selected wastes, and the liner study was concerned with bench-scale tests of organic grouts to reduce permeability. The New York Bight study summarized trace metal and radionuclide distribution in the sediments.Terrestrial ecology activities reported address the effects of air pollution on vegetation (including effects on carbon allocation, regulation of gaseous uptake, and fluoride exposure), modeling whole plant systems with respect to water and nutrient utilization, forest dynamics, acid rain (including effects on forest soils and agricultural crops), and studies of global carbon cycling.Emphasis within the Advanced Fossil Energy Program continued to shift toward microcosm or field studies. Initiation of a risk assessment project provided a mechanism for utilizing data r :he decisionmaking process while identifying areas where funding requires enrichment or can be decreased.The Toxic Substances Program continued to develop new information on the behavior of radionuclides (the transuranium elements, "Tc and 95 Nb) in the environment. New research and test protocol development was initiated for the U.S. EPA-Office of Toxic Substances, and substantial progress on ...

show abstract

Parts-Per-Million Carbonate Mineral Quantification with Thermogravimetric Analysis–Mass Spectrometry

Bartels,

Miller,

Cao

et al. 2024

Anal. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mitigating the deleterious effects of climate change requires the development and implementation of carbon capture and storage technologies. To expand the monitoring, verification, and reporting (MRV) capabilities of geologic carbon mineralization projects, we developed a thermogravimetric analysis−mass spectrometry (TGA−MS) methodology to enable quantification of <100 ppm calcite (CaCO 3 ) in complex samples. We extended TGA−MS calcite calibration curves to enable a higher measurement resolution and lower limits of quantification for evolved CO 2 from a calcite−corundum mixture. We demonstrated <100 ppm carbonate mineral quantification with TGA−MS for the first time, an outcome applicable across earth, environmental, and materials science fields. We applied this carbonate quantification method to a suite of Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) well cuttings recovered in 2009 from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Wallula #1 Well. Our execution of this new combined calcite and calcite−corundum calibration curve TGA−MS method on our CRBG sample suite indicated average carbonate contents of 0.050 wt % in flow interiors (caprocks) and 0.400 wt % in interflow zones (reservoirs) in the upper 1250 m of the Wallula #1 Well. By advancing our knowledge of continental flood basalt-hosted carbonates in the mafic subsurface and reaching new TGA−MS quantification limits for carbonate minerals, we expand MRV capabilities and support the commercial-scale deployment of carbon mineralization projects in the Pacific Northwest United States and beyond.

show abstract

Computed solid phases limiting the concentration of dissolved constituents in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington. Geochemical modeling and nuclide/rock/groundwater interaction studies

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Development of Layer Charge and Kinetics of Experimental Smectite Alteration

Development of Layer Charge and Kinetics of Experimental Smectite Alteration

Environmental Sciences Division annual progress report for period ending September 30, 1983

Parts-Per-Million Carbonate Mineral Quantification with Thermogravimetric Analysis–Mass Spectrometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About