Computed Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Prostate Cancer: Basics, Advantages, Cautions, and Future Prospects

Ueno, Yoshiko; Tamada, Tsutomu; Takahashi, Satoru; Tanaka, Utaru; Sofue, Keitaro; Kanda, Tomonori; Nogami, Munenobu; Ohno, Yoshiharu; Hinata, Nobuyuki; Fujisawa, Masato; Murakami, Takamichi

doi:10.3348/kjr.2018.19.5.832

“…DWI differentiates benign from malignant lesions in the breast, liver, and prostate. We are agreeing with these studies as the mean ADC value of malignant chest wall tumors was significantly lower than that of benign masses (P value < 0.001) [4,9,10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The role of MRI in comparison between benign and malignant chest wall masses in correlation with pathology

Kolta

¹

,

Rheem

²

,

Ibrahim

³

et al. 2021

Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med

1

0

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Background Tumors that arise from the chest wall (including bone structures such as the sternum, clavicle, scapula, and ribs) or from adjacent soft tissues are less common than other parts of the body, and so the resulting unfamiliarity can make it difficult to limit the number of possible diagnoses. These tumors have a wide range of possibilities, including primary chest wall tumors arising from the bone or soft tissue, which are subdivided into malignant and benign tumors, and the secondary metastatic deposits. The aim of the study is to investigate the ability of MRI with diffusion sequence in differentiation between benign and malignant chest wall masses, which is subsequently reflected in the management of chest wall masses patients. Main body MRI has superior soft-tissue resolution and value for local assessment of primary tumors and accurate tissue characterization and plays a key role in preoperative staging to assess for multi-spatial and multi-compartment involvement. ADC values were obtained in 31 patients, and the mean ADC values of benign (13 patients) chest wall masses were 1.31 ± 0.50 × 10−3 mm2/s while the mean ADC values of the malignant (18 patients) chest wall masses were 0.98 ± 0.36 × 10−3 mm2/s. There was a statistically significant difference between the ADC values obtained from the malignant and benign chest wall masses (P < 0.001). Conclusion This study demonstrates that diffusion-weighted MR imaging is a growing imaging modality to predict the histopathological differentiation of malignant from benign chest wall masses.

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“…Furthermore, long TE overemphasizes the luminal volume of the prostate, which reduces contrast between aggressive and benign tissues. Empirical studies on the impact of TE and diffusion encoding time have shown that shorter encoding times and higher b-values increase the ability to distinguish between benign and cancerous lesions [19][20][21][22][23][24] . The need for gradients that can deliver strong diffusion weighting in short times motivated the search for alternative possibilities in gradient design.…”

Section: Ia Prostate Dwimentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Diffusion Weighting with a Local Inside-Out Nonlinear Gradient Coil for Prostate MRI

Bhuiyan

¹

,

Dewdney

²

,

Weinreb

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

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Purpose: Prostate cancer remains the 2nd leading cancer killer of men, yet it is also a disease with a high rate of overtreatment. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has shown promise as a reliable, grade-sensitive imaging method, but it is limited by low image quality. Currently, DWI image quality is directly related to low gradient ampli-tudes, since weak gradients must be compensated with long echo times. Methods: We propose a new type of MRl accessory, an "inside-out" and nonlinear gradient, whose sole purpose is to deliver diffusion encoding to a region of interest. Performance was simulated in OPERA and the resulting fields were used to simulate DWI with two compartment and kurtosis models. Experiments with a nonlinear head gradient prove the accuracy of DWI and ADC maps diffusion encoded with nonlinear gradients. Results: Simulations validated thermal and mechanical safety while showing a 5 to 10-fold increase in gradient strength over prostate. With these strengths, lesion CNR in ADC maps approximately doubled for a range of anatomical positions. Proof-of-principle experiments show that spatially varying b-values can be corrected for accurate DWI and ADC. Conclusions: Dedicated nonlinear diffusion encoding hardware could improve prostate DWI.

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“…Furthermore, long TE overemphasizes the luminal volume of the prostate, which reduces contrast between aggressive and benign tissues. Empirical studies on the impact of TE and diffusion encoding time have shown that shorter encoding times and higher b-values increase the ability to distinguish between benign and cancerous lesions [19][20][21][22][23][24] . The need for gradients that can deliver strong diffusion weighting in short times motivated the search for alternative possibilities in gradient design.…”

Section: Ia Prostate Dwimentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Diffusion Weighting with a Local Inside-Out Nonlinear Gradient Coil for Prostate MRI

Bhuiyan¹,

Dewdney²,

Weinreb³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Prostate cancer remains the 2nd leading cancer killer of men, yet it is also a disease with a high rate of overtreatment. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has shown promise as a reliable, grade-sensitive imaging method, but it is limited by low image quality. Currently, DWI image quality is directly related to low gradient ampli-tudes, since weak gradients must be compensated with long echo times. Methods: We propose a new type of MRl accessory, an "inside-out" and nonlinear gradient, whose sole purpose is to deliver diffusion encoding to a region of interest. Performance was simulated in OPERA and the resulting fields were used to simulate DWI with two compartment and kurtosis models. Experiments with a nonlinear head gradient prove the accuracy of DWI and ADC maps diffusion encoded with nonlinear gradients. Results: Simulations validated thermal and mechanical safety while showing a 5 to 10-fold increase in gradient strength over prostate. With these strengths, lesion CNR in ADC maps approximately doubled for a range of anatomical positions. Proof-of-principle experiments show that spatially varying b-values can be corrected for accurate DWI and ADC. Conclusions: Dedicated nonlinear diffusion encoding hardware could improve prostate DWI.

show abstract

Computed Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Prostate Cancer: Basics, Advantages, Cautions, and Future Prospects

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

The role of MRI in comparison between benign and malignant chest wall masses in correlation with pathology

The role of MRI in comparison between benign and malignant chest wall masses in correlation with pathology

Feasibility of Diffusion Weighting with a Local Inside-Out Nonlinear Gradient Coil for Prostate MRI

Feasibility of Diffusion Weighting with a Local Inside-Out Nonlinear Gradient Coil for Prostate MRI

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