Computed brain tomography in dementia and depression in the elderly

Kolbeinsson, H.; Arnaldsson, Ö. S.; Pétursson, Hannes

doi:10.3109/08039489109103261

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The prognosis of patients with organic mental disorders depends on detecting these disorders, and this necessitates the evaluation of all clinical information. Clinical skills can be improved by relatively simple screening questionnaires such as MSQ and MMSE, which have been used in various studies (8, 10, 13, 23,[42][43][44][45]. The apparent effect of detecting cognitive impairment on outcome is considerable, although this may be due in part to the greater severity of concurrent physical illness in elderly patients (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of diagnostic accuracy in dementia is essential as the effects are usually catastrophic both for the individual concerned and his family as well placing a burden on the resources of the health and social services (4 1). Recent investigations (42)(43)(44) have tried to clarify the diagnostic difficulties with comprehensive comparisons of various clinical, psychophysiological, morphological and psychometric variables. The prognosis of patients with organic mental disorders depends on detecting these disorders, and this necessitates the evaluation of all clinical information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Delirium and dementia in acute medical admissions of elderly patients in Iceland

Kolbeinsson¹,

Jónsson²

1993

Acta Psychiatr Scand

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A prospective study was carried out in a general hospital in Reykjavík to evaluate the prevalence of delirium and dementia among 331 patients 70 years and older who were admitted as an emergency to the medical department. Cognitive function was screened with Mental Status Questionnaire (MSQ) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and diagnosed according to DSM-III-R for delirium and dementia. Other information obtained included social and demographic factors, drug consumption, the main condition underlying the delirium and outcome. Severe cognitive dysfunction was present in 32% of all acutely admitted patients 70 years and older, which were diagnosed further as delirium 14% and dementia 18%. At follow-up, concurrent dementia was found in 70% of the delirium patients. The main causes for delirium were cardiac failure 27%, stroke 22% and sepsis 16% and the mortality rate was 32% compared with 8% in dementia alone. The prognosis of patients with delirium and dementia depends on detecting these disorders, and the clinical skills of physicians working with acutely ill elderly patients can be improved by relatively simple screening questionnaires such as the MSQ and MMSE.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delirium and dementia in acute medical admissions of elderly patients in Iceland

Kolbeinsson¹,

Jónsson²

1993

Acta Psychiatr Scand

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The subjects then underwent a battery of psychometric tests and a computerized tomogram of the brain was analysed. This part of the examination is discussed in detail elsewhere (27,28). Electrophysiological data were collected under standard conditions, including recording of the computerized EEG, auditory evoked potential (AEP), SCL and ST.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dementia and depression in old age: psychophysiological aspects

Have¹,

Kolbeinsson²,

Pétursson³

1991

Acta Psychiatr Scand

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study describes the psychophysiological results of a larger investigation of the clinical, morphological, psychometric and psychophysiological aspects of dementia of the Alzheimer type and depression in elderly patients. Healthy volunteers provided a further measure of control. It was found that widely used clinical rating scales delineated the 3 groups of subjects to a significant degree. The average frequency of the electroencephalogram (EEG), the P2-N2 peak-to-peak amplitude and P3 latency of the auditory evoked potential and a characteristic downward shift of the EEG power spectrum differed significantly between demented patients, depressive patients and normal controls. The higher total power in the EEG of the dementia group did not prove statistically significant, probably because of the small numbers. Other psychophysiological measures such as skin conductance level (SCL) and skin temperature (ST) did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups. Thus, certain psychophysiological measurements may become valuable in the differential diagnosis of these disorders.

show abstract

“…While the benefits of neurodiagnostics and other ancillary procedures (eg laboratory tests, psycho- metrics) were briefly considered in the text, these were the subject of recent articles (desRosiers, 1992a;Ferrier et al, 1991;Guze et al, 1991;Have et al, 1991;Kolbeinsson et al, 1992;Zubenko et al, 1990) and the emphasis here will remain on Wells' table. Table 2 reproduces Wells' original list of criteria and conclusions while the sections below examine the validity of some of its items from evidence published since the last reviews (Bulbena and Berrios, 1986;Mahendra, 1987).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary or depressive dementia: Clinical features

desRosiers

1992

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYIn 1979, Wells tabled a list of 'major clinical features' which he found most useful in distinguishing dementia due to organic disease from dementia occurring in the context of psychiatric conditions like depression. This article reviews recent findings on the most commonly accepted items of this list and, for several of them, concludes that the evidence is controversial. Newer aspects are then briefly considered which, when validated in longitudinal studies, may add to the clinician's range of implements during diagnostic workup.

show abstract

Computed brain tomography in dementia and depression in the elderly

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Delirium and dementia in acute medical admissions of elderly patients in Iceland

Delirium and dementia in acute medical admissions of elderly patients in Iceland

Dementia and depression in old age: psychophysiological aspects

Primary or depressive dementia: Clinical features

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About