Computational study on the behaviours of supersonic jets and their impingement onto molten liquid free surface in BOF steelmaking

Li, Qiang; Li, Mingming; Kuang, Shibo; Zong-shu, Zou

doi:10.1179/1879139514y.0000000124

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This is in accordance with previously reported results. [7,19,21] More importantly, it was explained that the standard and realizable k-e models are suitable only for supersonic jet calculations at room temperatures, see Figure 5. The SST k-v model inherits some of the drawbacks and it underpredicts the jet behavior at high temperatures.…”

Section: The Ld Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This knowledge makes the use of CFD in the design decision even more clear. [29] Li et al [21] studied the impact of supersonic jets onto a slag/metal surface in the BOF process. Compared to isentropic theory, the results of the CFD simulation was acceptable for modeling of the jets.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, they also showed that the different impact regimes presented in the experimental literature, viz: splashing and dimpling, could be captured by the VOF approach, although only in a qualitative manner. [21] Lv et al [31] simulated the melt flow in a top blown converter with respect to oxygen flow rate, lance height, and slag thickness for a four-hole lance design. It was concluded that an increased flow rate led to an increase in the penetration depth of the jet, and thus to an improvement in the stirring conditions.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wuppermann [46] 2013 AOD 3D Transient SST-SAS Vessel Oscillation Barron [54] 2014 BOF 2D Transient k-e slag density and splashing Kalyani [34] 2014 BOF 3D Transient n/a BOF reacting flow Li [21] 2014 BOF 3D Transient k-e Impinging jet BOF Song [43] 2014 AOD 3D Steady Realizable k-e Off-Gas post combustion Tilliander [49] 2014 AOD 3D Steady Kim-Chen k-e Side blowing Zhou [18] 2014 BOF 3D Transient k-e Top blowing Zhou [32] 2014 BOF 3D Transient k-e Combined blowing, top and bottom Li [24] 2015 BOF 3D Steady k-v Jet coalecense…”

Section: Top Blowingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on CFD Simulation and Modeling of Decarburization Processes

Ersson

Tilliander

2017

steel research int.

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Over the last few decades, a number of CFD models have been dedicated to increasing the understanding of the decarburization processes in steelmaking. However, these processes are highly complex with large variations in time and length, and this makes the systems extremely demanding to simulate. Several reports have been published where parts of the processes have been investigated numerically, but to date no models have been presented that can handle the entire complexity of the processes. Here, a review of the research performed on the subject from 1998 to 2016 is given. A table summarizing the models used and the key focus of the studies is given, and it can be concluded that the effort put in so far to investigate the decarburization in steelmaking is substantial, but not complete. The currently available numerical models give an insight into process parameters such as reactions, mixing time, temperature distribution and thermal losses, off-gas post combustion and de-dusting, and also nozzle configuration. With the recent developments in numerical modeling and the increase in hardware capability, the future of simulation and modeling of the decarburization processes in steelmaking seems bright.

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Section: The Ld Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Top Blowingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on CFD Simulation and Modeling of Decarburization Processes

Ersson

Tilliander

2017

steel research int.

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“…However, several studies revealed that ambient temperature greatly affect the transfer of jet momentum to the molten metal and hence can influence the amount of metal ejection from the bath, higher the ambient temperature more is the dynamic pressure of the jet at a given lance height. [26,27] In the present study, the high temperature jet model proposed by Sumi et al [26] have been used to numerically calculate velocity and temperature distribution of gas jet in the axial direction of gas jet. The density of gas jet at impact point has been estimated by using ideal gas law with temperature of jet being calculated from the jet model.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Droplet Generation in a Top Blowing Steelmaking Process

Rout

Brooks

Subagyo

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans B

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Quantification of metal droplets ejected due to impinging gas jet on the surface of liquid metal is an important parameter for the understanding and for the modelling of the refining kinetics of reactions in slag-metal emulsion zone. In the present work a numerical study has been carried out to critically examine the applicability of droplet generation rate correlation previously proposed by Subagyo et al. on the basis of dimensionless blowing number (NB). The blowing number was re-evaluated at the impingement point of jet with taking into account for the temperature effect of change in density and velocity of the gas jet. The result obtained from the work shows that the modified blowing number NB,T at the furnace temperature of 1873K (1600 °C) is found to be approximately double in magnitude compared to NB calculated by Subagyo and co-workers. When NB,T has been employed to the Subagyo's empirical correlation for droplet generation, a wide mismatch is observed between the experimental data obtained from cold model and hot model experiments. The reason for this large deviation has been investigated in the current study and a theoretical approach to estimate the droplet generation rate has been proposed. The suitability of the proposed model has been tested by numerically calculating the amount of metals in slag. The study shows that the weight of metals in emulsion falls in the range of 0 to 21 wt pct of hot metal weight when droplet generation rate has been calculated at ambient furnace temperature of 1873K (1600 °C).

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