Computational study of Pd-membrane CH4 steam reformer with fixed catalyst bed: Searching for a way to increase membrane efficiency

Design concepts of a scaled-down autothermal membrane reformer for on board hydrogen production

“…This implies specific production rate (per membrane area) of $1 kg(H 2 )/h/m 2 at T SR max of 700°C. It is interesting to compare this figure with the one reported in [12] for tube-in-tube configuration; 2.18 kg(H 2 )/h/m 2 . However this figure was obtained with 0.2 bar permeate pressure and without taking heat losses to the surroundings into account.…”

“…Several studies simulated (and one tested) the design of autothermal membrane reformer: In a recent work [12] a theoretical study of an autothermal membrane reactor has been conducted comparing tube-in-tube with sandwich-type constructions. They reported 65-75% of hydrogen yield (depending on configuration and catalyst), however they did not take into account heat loss to the surrounding, which constitute the major loss in efficiency assuming full CH 4 oxidation.…”

Centralized and distributed hydrogen production using steam reforming: challenges and perspectives

“…Pd-based membrane reformers have been mainly studied to improve the performance of the membrane and their yields ranged from 0.01 to 214 kg per day. 45,48,51,69,75 Notably, microstructured reformers have been used in processes with lower productivity of 11 kg per day or less. 56,72,74 In addition, various reformer types have been developed to reduce the size of the reactor, including heat-exchangertype reformers 44,64,76 and cylindrical reformers 49,50,60 For the removal of CO 2 , sorption-enhanced SMR technology has also been developed for small-scale hydrogen production and its production capacities are 0.1 and 3 kg per day.…”