Computational Modelling of Three-phase Stent-based Delivery

Mandal, Arunava; Mandal, Prashanta Kumar

doi:10.14218/jerp.2017.00001

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In most of the studies cited above, transient drug release has been modeled as a uniform release, which is unrealistic and not representative of actual stent-based delivery. Instead, a simple timedependent Dirichlet boundary condition is often applied on the surface of the struts [27][28][29]. Arterial properties, such as porosity and tortuosity, dictate the transport of drugs within the arterial tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Species Finite Volume Scalar Model for Modeling the Diffusion of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) into a Coronary Arterial Wall from a Single Half-Embedded Drug Eluting Stent Strut

2023

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This paper outlines the methodology and results for a two-species finite volume scalar computational drug transport model developed for simulating the mass transport of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)) from a half-embedded single strut implanted in a coronary arterial vessel wall. The mathematical drug transport model incorporates the convection-diffusion equation in scalar form (dimensionless) with a two-species (free-drug and bound-drug) mass transport setup, including reversible equilibrium reaction source terms for the free and bound-drug states to account for the pharmaco-kinetic reactions in the arterial wall. The relative reaction rates of the added source terms control the interconversion of the drug between the free and bound-drug states. The model is solved by a 2D finite-volume method for discretizing and solving the free and bound drug transport equations with anisotropic vascular drug diffusivities. This model is an improvement over previously developed models using the finite-difference and finite element method. A dimensionless characteristic scaling pre-analysis was conducted a priori to evaluate the significance of implementing the reaction source terms in the transport equations. This paper reports the findings of an investigation of the interstitial flow profile into the arterial wall and the free and bound drug diffusion profiles with a parametric study of varying the polymer drug concentration (low and high), tortuosity, porosity, and Peclet and DamKöhler numbers over the course of 400 h (16.67 days). The results also reveal how a single species drug delivery model that neglects both a reversible binding reaction source term and the porosity and tortuosity of the arterial wall cannot accurately predict the distribution of both the free and bound drug.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Species Finite Volume Scalar Model for Modeling the Diffusion of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) into a Coronary Arterial Wall from a Single Half-Embedded Drug Eluting Stent Strut

2023

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“…However, it is well established that when the drug binds to the specific receptor (SR), there is also an occurrence of non-specific binding caused by the trapping of drug in the extracellular medium (ECM). Some simple model studies relating to the specific and non-specific saturable binding by using a nonlinear reversible chemical reaction process in the arterial wall have been carried out [6,54,55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unsteady analysis of two-phase binding of drug in an asymmetric stenosed vessel

Biswas¹,

Sarifuddin²,

Mandal³

2021

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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In this paper, we investigate endovascular delivery to get a step ahead of the pharmacological limitations it has due to the complexity of dealing with a patient-specific vessel through a mathematical model. We divide the domain of computation into four sub-domains: the lumen, the lumen-tissue interface, the upper tissue and the lower tissue which are extracted from an asymmetric atherosclerotic image derived by the intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) technique. The injected drug at the luminal inlet is transported with the streaming blood which is considered Newtonian. An irreversible uptake kinetics of the injected drug at the lumen-tissue interface from the luminal side to the tissue domains is assumed. Subsequently, the drug is dispersed within the tissue followed by its retention in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and by receptor-mediated binding. The Marker and Cell (MAC) method has been leveraged to get a quantitative insight into the model considered. The effect of the wall absorption parameter on the concentration of all drug forms (free as well as two-phase bound) has been thoroughly investigated, and some other important factors, such as the averaged concentration, the tissue content, the fractional effect, the concentration variance and the effectiveness of drug have been graphically analyzed to gain a clear understanding of endovascular delivery. The simulated results predict that with increasing values of the absorption parameter, the averaged concentrations of all drug forms do decrease. An early saturation of binding sites takes place for smaller values of the absorption parameter, and also rapid saturation of ECM binding sites occurs as compared to receptor binding sites. Results also predict the influence of surface roughness as well as asymmetry of the domain about the centerline on the distribution and retention of drug. A thorough sensitivity analysis has been carried out to determine the influence of some parameters involved.

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