Computational Modeling of the Effects of Sleep Deprivation on the Vigilance Decrement

Patterson, Robert; Lochtefeld, Darrell F.; Larson, Kathleen; Christensen-Salem, Amanda

doi:10.1177/0018720819829949

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Human studies seem to be reaching a consensus (Helton & Warm, 2008; Patterson, Lochtefeld, Larson, & Christensen-Salem, 2019; Temple et al, 2000; Warm et al, 2008) that the vigilance decrement is largely due to the high neural or cognitive processing load required in the CNS (rather than the opposite hypothesis, which postulates that the human brain is understimulated with repetitive stimuli, leading to loss of concentration; Pattyn et al, 2008). It would therefore seem logical to extrapolate that the vastly more neuronally challenged brains of salticids would face the same effects, just significantly more intensely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine affects the vigilance decrement of Trite planiceps jumping spiders (Salticidae).

Humphrey¹,

Helton²,

Nelson

2019

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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In jumping spiders (Salticidae), the vigilance decrement, or decrease in response to a repeated visual stimulus over time, directly parallels that found in humans. Explanations for the vigilance decrement in the human literature are heavily mentalistic and central nervous system (CNS)-based, whereas response decrements in invertebrates are typically thought of as habituation at the sensory periphery. Here we explored whether the salticid vigilance decrement could be CNS-modulated by using caffeine, which is a well-known CNS stimulant for both vertebrates and invertebrates. We used paired tests in which Trite planiceps Simon spiders were randomly given either a drop of caffeinated water or distilled water and were then shown dot stimuli presented on monitors. We measured both general 'walking', or activity, as a control for physical fatigue, and optomotor responses to the stimuli. We found that the vigilance decrement was significantly shallower (i.e., spiders were more responsive for longer) when spiders were administered caffeine compared with water; furthermore, these spiders were also generally more active throughout the testing period and thus were not physically impaired. Our results suggest that, in at least in some invertebrates, CNS modulation of the vigilance decrement is likely.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine affects the vigilance decrement of Trite planiceps jumping spiders (Salticidae).

Humphrey¹,

Helton²,

Nelson

2019

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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“…Unlike commonly used methods, it allows the inclusion of feedback, nonlinear relationships, time-varying delays, and soft variables (20,21).…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Hypersomnia—A Dynamic Simulation Model

et al. 2022

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Aims of the study:Commonly used approach to illness assessment focuses on the patient's actual state supplemented by binary records of past events and conditions. This research project was designed to explain subjective experience in idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) patients influenced by their clinical symptoms and comorbidities.Material and MethodsForty-three IH patients of both sexes (female 60.5%, male 39.5%) were assessed using a detailed structured examination. The interview covered neurologic, psychiatric, and internal medicine anamnesis, medication past and current, substance abuse, work impairment, detailed sleep-related data, specific sleep medication, and a full-length set of questionnaires including depression, quality of life, sleepiness, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, and sleep inertia. The data were digitized and imported into statistical software (SPSS by IBM), and dynamic simulation software (Vensim by Ventana Systems Inc.) was used to build a causal loop diagram and stocks and flows diagram as a simulation structure.ResultsThe overall raw data and simulation-based patterns fit at 76.1%. The simulation results also identified the parameters that contribute the most to patients' subjective experience. These included sleep inertia, the refreshing potential of naps, the quality of nocturnal sleep, and the social aspects of the patient's life. Psychiatric disorders influence the overall pattern at a surprisingly low level. The influence of medication has been studied in detail. Although its contribution to the dynamics looks marginal at first sight, it significantly influences the contribution of other variables to the overall patient experience of the disease.ConclusionEven the simplified dynamic structure designed by the research team reflects the real-life events in patients with IH at the acceptable level of 76.1% and suggests that a similar structure plays an important role in the course of the disease. Therapeutic focus on the parameters identified by the model should enhance the patients' subjective experience throughout illness duration and might even turn the progress from negative into positive. Further research is needed to understand the dynamics of idiopathic hypersomnia in greater detail to better understand the causes and design therapeutic approaches to improve patients' quality of life.

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“…Fatigue-Dynamic. An alternative approach for implementing a resource-limited CA is to use a dynamical system with two opposing processes (see also reference 34 ).…”

Section: Cognitive Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using cognitive models to design dynamic task allocation systems

Fisher¹,

Frame²,

Stevens

2022

Journal of Defense Modeling & Simulation

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Many operations in Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) involve balancing multiple simultaneous interdependent tasks and coordinating between multiple teammates. Recently, autonomous managers (AMs) were proposed as a method for optimizing performance in team-based workflows using dynamic reallocation in response to changes in workload and performance. We demonstrate how cognitive models can be used in the design and evaluation of AMs. Specifically, cognitive models can be used to inform an AM’s decision policy, and to stress test an AM under a wide variety of conditions. Simulation 1 tested the robustness of numerous AMs across a wide range of cognitive agents. We found that a simpler cognitive model in the AM’s decision system was more robust than more complex models. In the second simulation study, we compared dynamic task reallocation and corrective feedback to improve performance of cognitive agents based on the ACT-R cognitive architecture. Our results indicate that both interventions have the potential to improve performance, and that the most robust AM from simulation 1 can improve the performance of a model with realistic learning dynamics. Our simulations demonstrate that cognitive models are useful for designing and evaluating AMs for multiple military applications, including ISR.

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Computational Modeling of the Effects of Sleep Deprivation on the Vigilance Decrement

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Caffeine affects the vigilance decrement of Trite planiceps jumping spiders (Salticidae).

Caffeine affects the vigilance decrement of Trite planiceps jumping spiders (Salticidae).

Idiopathic Hypersomnia—A Dynamic Simulation Model

Using cognitive models to design dynamic task allocation systems

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