“…The cap depends on
, particularly
, where c > 0 is the cohesion (or tensile strength) of the undamaged material and ζ > 0 gives the degree of postyield softening. Thus, initially, p c = − c , then with accumulating volumetric plastic strain, p c increases toward zero naturally leading to material separation (Blatny et al.,
2021,
2023; Klár et al.,
2016; Stomakhin et al.,
2013; Wolper et al.,
2019,
2021). For more details on the numerical scheme and the elastoplastic law, please refer Supporting Information .…”