Computational investigation of subject-specific cerebrospinal fluid flow in the third ventricle and aqueduct of Sylvius

Kurtcuoglu, Vartan; Soellinger, Michaela; Summers, Paul; Boomsma, Kevin; Poulikakos, Dimos; Boesiger, Peter; Ventikos, Yiannis

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.05.031

Cited by 90 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…14 CFA studies of the ventricular system have been performed, 15,16 but these are not relevant to the Chiari I malformation. Some physical models have been created; an in vitro study of syringomyelia hydrodynamics was performed with a phantom model of the spinal canal created from MR imaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of CSF Hydrodynamics in the Presence and Absence of Tonsillar Ectopia by Means of Computational Flow Analysis

Roldán¹,

Wieben²,

Haughton³

et al. 2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of CSF Hydrodynamics in the Presence and Absence of Tonsillar Ectopia by Means of Computational Flow Analysis

Roldán¹,

Wieben²,

Haughton³

et al. 2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…For the CFD simulations, the CSF was considered as an incompressible Newtonian fluid according to literature data [23,24]. A non-uniform unstructured mesh with four million cells representing the entire ventricular space was generated in ICEMCFD (ANSYS, USA) with variable characteristic edge lengths ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 mm and boundary cell layers in areas of expected large velocity gradients.…”

Section: Macroscale Simulation Of Pulsatile Flow In the Complete Ventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow induced by ependymal cilia dominates near-wall cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the lateral ventricles

Siyahhan

Knobloch

Zélicourt

et al. 2014

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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While there is growing experimental evidence that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow induced by the beating of ependymal cilia is an important factor for neuronal guidance, the respective contribution of vascular pulsation-driven macroscale oscillatory CSF flow remains unclear. This work uses computational fluid dynamics to elucidate the interplay between macroscale and cilia-induced CSF flows and their relative impact on near-wall dynamics. Physiological macroscale CSF dynamics are simulated in the ventricular space using subject-specific anatomy, wall motion and choroid plexus pulsations derived from magnetic resonance imaging. Near-wall flow is quantified in two subdomains selected from the right lateral ventricle, for which dynamic boundary conditions are extracted from the macroscale simulations. When cilia are neglected, CSF pulsation leads to periodic flow reversals along the ventricular surface, resulting in close to zero time-averaged force on the ventricle wall. The cilia promote more aligned wall shear stresses that are on average two orders of magnitude larger compared with those produced by macroscopic pulsatile flow. These findings indicate that CSF flow-mediated neuronal guidance is likely to be dominated by the action of the ependymal cilia in the lateral ventricles, whereas CSF dynamics in the centre regions of the ventricles is driven predominantly by wall motion and choroid plexus pulsation.

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“…Quantitatively, the results obtained were compatible with the physiological data present in the literature. In future studies, the presented technique will be used for validation of existing computational fluid dynamics studies, performed in healthy volunteers and patients suffering from hydrocephalus (31,32) and Chiari malformation, and to provide in vivo data for a better definition of these pathologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐resolved three‐dimensional (3D) phase‐contrast (PC) balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP)

Santini

Wetzel

Bock

et al. 2009

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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In this study the feasibility of a time-resolved, three-dimensional (3D), three-directional flow-sensitive balanced steadystate free precession (bSSFP) sequence is demonstrated. Due to its high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) this type of sequence is particularly effective for acquisition of blood and CSF flow velocities. Flow sensitivity was achieved with the phase-contrast (PC) technique, implementing a custom algorithm for calculation of optimal gradient parameters. Techniques to avoid the most important sources of bSSFP-related artifacts (including distortion due to eddy currents and signal voids due to flow-related steady-state disruption) are also presented. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used technique for noninvasive flow quantification, useful in the evaluation of both anatomy and function within the human circulatory system; e.g., the cardiovascular system and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation system. A traditional method of flow quantification is the phasecontrast (PC) technique, which was first introduced in 1960 by Hahn (1). PC-MRI is based on the encoding of the mean velocity of an isochromat into the corresponding voxel location of the reconstructed phase image. An additional reference image is acquired to remove background effects via phase subtraction and the underlying fluid velocity or tissue motion is represented by the pixel intensity in the resulting phase difference image.The traditional approach consists of the acquisition of two-dimensional (2D) slices with a modified radio frequency (RF)-spoiled sequence that is sensitive to flow in the throughplane direction (2). More recently, time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) sequences, encoding flow in three directions, were proposed and used in research studies of thoracic and brain vessels (3-8). Such data acquisition strategies allow for improved quantification of velocities, compared to singledirection flow encoding, which is biased if the flow is not completely parallel to the encoding direction. Furthermore, the acquisition of 3D volumes in combination with threedirectional velocity encoding permits the visualization of complex flow patterns, and the estimation of other parameters such as wall shear stress or vorticity (9) Although 3D methods suffer from longer scan times, 3D acquisitions also provide improved and potentially isotropic resolution related to the higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a thick 3D slab compared to the signal obtained from a thin 2D slice.One major disadvantage of typical flow quantification methods based on RF-spoiled gradient-echo (GRE) sequences is tissue saturation that occurs when the repetition time TR is significantly shorter than T 1 , as in the case of blood and CSF. This disadvantage is particularly noticeable for 3D acquisitions of large slabs or in cases of slow flow because of reduced in-flow enhancement. For this reason, and particularly for CSF flow, which is more prone to tissue saturation, through-slice flow-sensitive balanced steady-state ...

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Computational investigation of subject-specific cerebrospinal fluid flow in the third ventricle and aqueduct of Sylvius

Cited by 90 publications

References 22 publications

Characterization of CSF Hydrodynamics in the Presence and Absence of Tonsillar Ectopia by Means of Computational Flow Analysis

Characterization of CSF Hydrodynamics in the Presence and Absence of Tonsillar Ectopia by Means of Computational Flow Analysis

Flow induced by ependymal cilia dominates near-wall cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the lateral ventricles

Time‐resolved three‐dimensional (3D) phase‐contrast (PC) balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP)

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