Computational fluid dynamics of coronary arteries with implanted stents: Effects of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian blood flows

Abstract

This study introduces and compares computational fluid dynamics of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian blood flows in coronary arteries, with and without considering stents. Three blood flow models, including Newtonian, Carreau, and non‐Newtonian power‐law models, were simulated to investigate their effect, and the solution algorithm includes drawing the geometry, creating the desired mesh, and then simulating Newtonian and non‐Newtonian blood flow different models and comparing them with each other, is presented in the article. A Newtonian fluid model has been commonly used in the simulation of blood flow, whereas blood has non‐Newtonian properties due to the nature of a solution containing suspended particles. The goal of this research is to investigate the differences between the models built with Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluid assumptions. In addition, a stent was designed and the effect of the stent on blood flow parameters was investigated for all three flow models, including Newtonian, Carreau, and non‐Newtonian power‐law models. Stents are medical devices that can be placed in arteries to open up blood flow in a blocked vessel. Stents can affect the wall shear stress. Knowing the slight deformation of the shear stress makes the importance of stent implantation and also helps to optimize the design of the intravascular stent, which can affect the occlusion of the vessels. The distribution of the velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress in all blood flow models with and without considering the effect of stents have been investigated and finally compared. Therefore, in general, the innovation of this article is to find the effect of implanted stents on blood flow parameters with different blood flow models, both Newtonian and non‐Newtonian. A comparison of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian flows showed that in the case of the Carreau non‐Newtonian model, the wall shear stress was higher. In addition, in the results of the geometric model with a stent effect compared to the geometric model without a stent effect, it is evident that there was a higher velocity and wall shear stress.

Investigating Magnetohydrodynamic Motions of Oldroyd-B Fluids through a Circular Cylinder Filled with Porous Medium

“…As a form, the last term from the expression of η(r, s) from Equation ( 57) is identical to that of w(r, s) from Equation (26). Consequently, applying the inverse Laplace transform to this equality and considering the first entry of Table X, Appendix C, from [20], and the results of the previous section, we can conclude that…”

“…Writing w H (r n , s) from Equation (25) in a suitable form, applying the inverse finite Hankel transform, and considering entry 3 of Table X, Appendix C from [20], one finds that…”

“…Here, r n are the positive roots of the transcendental equation J 1 (r) = 0, and g(s) is the Laplace transform of g(t). Applying the inverse finite Hankel transform to Equation (56) and following the same method as in the previous section, we find that (see also the entry one of Table X, Appendix C from [20])…”

“…Recently, some of these results were extended to fractional Oldroyd-B fluids by Mohammed and Salih [19], but their results are incorrect in relation to (2) and (3). Interesting applications of the non-Newtonian motions can be found in the recent work of Ahadi et al [20].…”

Computational Modelling and Simulation of Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…As previously mentioned, blood exhibits non-Newtonian flow characteristics due to well-deformed high clusters of erythrocytes [153]. Various non-Newtonian blood viscosity models have been employed, such as the power law, generalised power law, Casson, Carreau, and Carreau-Yasuda models to model blood flow and WSS distributions in blood vessels [154,155]. Seehanam et al [156] applied the Carreau-Yasuda viscosity model on sheet-based gyroid scaffolds to predict pressure drops, velocity profiles and fluid-induced WSS in comparison with a Newtonian flow model.…”